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or a search for the Black Trans Lives Matter movement. Dunlap, David W., Sylvia Rivera, 50, Figure in Birth of the Gay Liberation Movement,New York Times, February 20, 2002,https://www.nytimes.com/2002/02/20/nyregion/sylvia-rivera-50-figure-in-birth-of-the-gay-liberation-movement.html. Currently, LGTBQ+ monuments are not among the Citys public statues. ' In 2001, she was marching in New York City Pride Parades and living in Transy House. 6 June 2020. It was a time when same-sex dancing in public wasnt allowed, bars were banned from serving alcoholic drinks to gay people and cross-dressing could lead to a sexual deviancy arrest. But there's still a lot of work to be done. She returned to the city in 1992 after the death of Johnson. [3]These transgender icons will be the first to get statues in the US Marshas life dramatically changed when she found herself near the Stonewall Inn in the early hours of June 28, 1969. It's not entirely different from how women and girls of all experiences face not being seen as competent, intelligent, brilliant, and capability of leadership. An infectious disease that attacks a persons immune system and can be difficult to treat. As the gay liberation movement became increasingly white, middle class, and cisgender, STAR reminded everyone that transgender and gender non-conforming people deserved equal rights too. Im a strong believer in that and thats why I try to do that for everyone I know has the virus. Marsha P. Johnson, You never completely have your rights, one person, until you all have your rights. Marsha P. Johnson, As long as gay people dont have their rights all across America, theres no reason for celebration. Marsha P. Johnson, Nobody promised you tomorrow. Marsha P. Johnson, I was no one, nobody, from Nowheresville, until I became a drag queen. Marsha P. Johnson, I always just do drag. In 1990, Marsha contracted AIDS. And we were all out there. Toshiko Akiyoshi changed the face of jazz music over her sixty-year career. Darling, I want my gay rights now. says peoples pronouns should I am a senior. As one of few women and Asian musicians in the jazz world, Akiyoshi infused Japanese culture, sounds, and instruments into her music. Willis: No, I think that we have to find pockets of joy. Lee: Raquel, thank you so much for your time. Marsha P. Johnson was one of the most prominent figures of the gay rights movement of the 1960s and 1970s in New York City. Throughout the 1970s, Johnson became a more visible and prominent member of the gay rights movement. The story of a company founded by four US Womens National Team soccer players seeking to challenge norms and inspire lasting progress. I think when you're close to people it does hurt in a particular way. Marsha P. Johnson was born on August 24, 1945, in Elizabeth, New Jersey. But in the 1950s and 1960s, LGBTQ peoples rights were strictly limited. Thank you. And it also of course extends to folks who are nonbinary or gender nonconforming who straddle all of these struggles. Gertrude Kasebier (photographer), Zitkala Sa, Sioux Indian and activist, c. 1898. I feel like what fuels a lot of the violence that may happen from Black men towards Black women comes from an innate feeling of not being man enough for whatever reason. In June of 2019, just as New York City was entering their month of Pride celebrations, the City announced its plans to build two monuments honoring the late Marsha P. Johnson and Sylvia Rivera for their lifelong commitment to ending oppression for marginalized communities. [4]The transgender women at Stonewall were pushed out of the gay rights movement. She was beaten for doing so and, after being attacked on a school playground in sixth grade by another student, suspended from school for a week. She sometimes lived with friends. (LAUGH) But is her name and folks who came after her and worked alongside her, are those names forgotten, overlooked by accident, by intent? She also encouraged Sylvia to love herself and her identity. Dive into the world of small businesses with this compilation of powerful quotes that celebrate the entrepreneurial spirit, community impact, and unwavering commitment of local business owners. In 1963, Rivera met Marsha P. Johnson and it changed her life. The Importance of Dialogue, Development and Acceptance The Death and Life of Marsha P. Johnson. For Black trans lives especially, is this a time? She remains one of the most recognized and admired LGBTQ+ advocates. Sylvia Rivera. National Womens History Museum. Her activism led her to become one of the most influential figures in the gay liberation movement. Jen Carlson, Activists Install Marsha P. Johnson Monument in Christopher Park, Gothamist, August 25, 2021, https://gothamist.com/arts-entertainment/marsha-p-johnson-statue-bust-christopher-park, The Marsha P. Johnson Institute, https://marshap.org/, By Emma Rothberg, Ph.D. | Associate Educator, Digital Learning and Innovation. Oops! And the idea of womanhood, is it worth having to explain to people what it means to live in this identity? (LAUGH) Or is it too tough? She was often abused by clients and arrested by the police. Lee: This is from a 1989 interview with journalist Eric Marcus. Is there a confluence there? The riots had already started, and they said the police went in there and set the place on fire. Marsha P. Johnson & Sylvia Rivera - National Park Service In front of a crowd at that rally for Black trans lives, she had this to say. And it was an impressive sight. Black trans lives matter. And that's something other LGBTQ+ folks, particularly white ones, need to understand. Lee: I'm Trymaine Lee, and this is Into America. New York State still persecuted gay people and frequently criminalized their activities and presence. All they think about is getting up your dress, anything to get up that dress of yours. I think about our media outlets and how often we don't have spaces like this, Trymaine, where a Black trans woman can come on and be in dialogue with a Black cis man about the state of the world. Is it education? Willis: Right. How are you gonna support transforming our families, having those hard conversations with our elders? And we were all out there. Johnson grew up in a religious family and began attending Mount Teman African Methodist Episcopal Church as a child; she remained a practicing Christian for the rest of her life. In 1990, Johnson was diagnosed with H.I.V. I think about the Stonewall riots, and there were important Black trans folks who were on the front lines during that queer militant uprising back in 1969 against the New York Police Department. In the early morning hours, police raided the bar and began arresting the patrons, most of whom were gay men. "Read Stamped from the Beginning," right? Perhaps you could say that trans people may have a more drastic experience, but it's so connected to the ways that boys and men in general are told that they can't have a certain well of emotion, that they can't be intimate and have other ways of moving through the world that don't involve control and domination. Unknown photographer, A Typical Boomer Family, ca. Lee: You know, I guess it was maybe two weeks ago now at the Black Trans Lives Rally in Brooklyn, we were actually driving home to Brooklyn and it was like I'd never seen (LAUGH) almost that many people. We may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products we back. In 2019, New York City announced that a statue of Marsha and Sylvia would be the first monument to honor trans women in the city. In another, she climbed a lamppost and dropped a heavy purse onto a police car, shattering the windshield. Lee: That was Raquel Willis, a Black trans activist and director of communications for the Ms. Foundation. Were all in this rat race together! Marsha P. Johnson, I may be crazy, but that dont make me wrong. Marsha P. Johnson, I dont think you should be ashamed of anybody you know that has AIDS. Well, I know how to handle them. You might know King as the wife of civil rights leader Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., however, her legacy extends far beyond the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 60s.. When the organizers of the gay pride parade tried to ban STAR, they showed up anyway. Throughout the 1970s, she frequently tangled with gay rights leaders who were hesitant to include transgender people in their advocacy work. Lee: How do you move through these movement spaces that, you know, the bounds of white supremacy are still there? WebIn 1963, Rivera met Marsha P. Johnson and it changed her life. They fixed up the building and paid rent for nearly eight months. And yet we have to contend with the fact that even if there was a clear story, which there rarely is for any victim, particularly if you're Black, he would not have gotten any more attention from most people because people have a bias against trans folks. The store owners called her riffraff and threw her out. Their tireless efforts continue to resonate as issues surrounding the health, safety, and autonomy of Black, Brown, and Indigenous Trans women are still challenged. How can food be used as a form of cultural memory & resistance? Astronaut Ellen Ochoa, mission specialist, carries her son Wilson Miles-Ochoa following the STS-96 crew return at Ellington Field. I also think about our institutions. On every level, Black cis folks are not doing enough to show up in new and expansive ways around gender and it's a problem. What was Marshas role in the Stonewall uprising, and how did it shape the rest of her life? Willis: I don't know. Emma Rothberg, Sylvia Rivera, National Womens History Museum, 2021. www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/Sylvia-Rivera. ", On Mental Health: I may be crazy, but that don't make me wrong., On Distrust: I got robbed once. Devaney, Susan, Who Was Sylvia Rivera? The story of a transgender activist who participated in the Stonewall Uprising and fought for equal rights. Lee: I think people have a pretty decent grasp of lesbian, gay, bi. She used she/her pronouns. Marsha enjoyed expressing herself through her appearance. WebToday, historians and former friends of Marsha describe her as a trans woman. WebIn December 1970, Liza Cowan of WBAI sat down with membersation a the newly formed Street Transvestite Action Revolutionaries (or S So there's no way to talk about us getting to liberation without talking about Black trans people. Speaking of white women, (LAUGH) and as we know that white women played a role in white supremacy and have always played a reinforcing role in that and also a role in the patriarchy, right? And it's just a reminder that we've been here and it's a reminder we're gonna be here. Like, it's hard to know in the moment. While the genesis of the Stonewall Inn uprising remains shrouded in myth, theres no doubt Johnson was a key figure leading the events of June 28, 1969 some even credit her with throwing the shot glass heard around the world that started the rebellion. I walked down 58th Street and the young ones were calling from the sidewalk, 'Sylvia, Sylvia, thank you, we know what you did. Why did Marsha move to New York City? She also did not have a permanent home during this time, and bounced around sleeping at friends homes, hotels, restaurants, and movie theaters. The group became a space to organize and discuss issues facing the transgender community in New York City and they also had a building, STAR House, that provided lodgings for those who needed it. Marsha P What does this make you think and feel? Smithsonian Institute Archives Image # SIA 2010-1509. [3] These will be the first permanent monuments dedicated to Transgender women in the state of New York. Emma Rothberg, Sylvia Rivera, National Womens History Museum, 2021. And in these moments where we see people rising up, and we see coalition building, and we see people coming together in the name of equality, do you believe in this moment that there is a true chance that we'll step closer to the equality that folks claim (LAUGH) they believe in? Along with Marsha P. Johnson, Rivera started the Street Transvestite Action Revolutionaries (STAR) around 1971. Looking for more quotes? The monuments are dedicated to their legacy and to share their stories for generations to come. New-York Historical Society Library. All Rights Reserved. On July 6, 1992, Johnsons body was found in the Hudson River. Franois (Franz) Fleischbein (artist), Portrait of Betsy, 1837. WebMarsha P. Search streaming video, audio, and text content for academic, public, and K-12 institutions. And so in the wake of the Stonewall riots, there was an entire web of nonprofit organizations that sprang out of that, right? She was given a place of honor in the 25th Anniversary Stonewall Inn march in 1994. As we celebrate Earth Day this year, may we reflect on the wise words of environmentalists, climate activists, faith leaders, lovers of nature, and the youth of the world. Or is it your gender identity first? After this experience, Rivera left New York City and activism behind for a bit. A person who identifies with the sex they were assigned at birth. Even without lodgings, STAR provided a safe haven for people who had never had a place to call home. We can educate you, learn the history. We paid the rent. Although only 19, Rivera became a mother to many of the residents of STAR House. May 31, 2022 6:30 AM. A performance artist who typically dresses up like a woman for entertainment purposes. How do you actually navigate those spaces? So people like Marsha P. Johnson, Zazu Nova, a Black trans elder who's still with us named Miss Major were present there and were actively invested in the fight that sprang out of that moment. 'Cause when I got downtown, the place was already on fire and it was a raid already. Ask them to think about the kind of monument or memorial they would want to create for Marsha, based on her life story. [2] The permanent installation will be built in Greenwich Village, in a location to be determined after conversations with the community. How did Marsha feel about this? There's this idea that because we are openly gender nonconforming or having an openly different gender experience that we deserve the abuse that we may receive, and that's just not okay. Her friend Johnson brought her to the hospital and helped her get healthy again. 1989-1990. Marsha P. Johnson. National Womens History Museum. A progressive social reformer and activist, Jane Addams was on the frontline of the settlement house movement and was the first American woman to wina Nobel Peace Prize. Abrams is now one of the most prominent African American female politicians in the United States. I'm Trymaine Lee. If I can't even get the people closest to me to understand what's going on, how am I gonna get the masses to get it?" Crowd: Black trans lives matter. Pride Month: Who was Marsha P. Johnson and why were they so Solly, Meilan, New York City Monument Will Honor Transgender Activists Marsha P. Johnson and Sylvia Rivera, Smithsonianmag.org, June 3, 2019,https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/new-york-city-monument-will-honor-transgender-activists-marsha-p-johnson-and-sylvia-rivera-180972326/. Yet this was not the first time Rivera was directly involved in activism. They're really insulting to women. Compare the lives of Marsha P. Johnson and, Connect Marshas life story to other LGBTQ individuals within, One of Marshas proudest moments was with Andy Warhol. Within the past week, 22-year-old Mercy Mac was killed in Dallas and Brayla Stone was found dead in Arkansas. You can't say that it's about having a particular set of chromosomes. Marsha P. Johnson was born on August 24, 1945, in Elizabeth, New Jersey. Lot of flying. What were the circumstances around Marshas death? That is a gender issue. In 2012, the New York Police Department reopened the case into Johnsons death. We are a movement. Now they are getting a statue in New York We have to be having a holistic conversation on violence that not only talks about state violence but it also talks about the violence in our own homes, in our communities. Mostly white cisgender gay men, but also cisgender lesbians as well. Initially ruled a suicide, many friends questioned that conclusion and suspected foul play. The first Gay Pride Parade took place in 1970 and a series of gay rights groupsincluding the Gay Liberation Front, a more radical organization, and the Gay Activist Alliance, a more moderate and focused spin-off groupemerged. Trymaine Lee: Last month, in the middle of Pride, thousands of people gathered in Brooklyn, New York for a rally for Black trans lives. Photo by Leonard Fink, Courtesy LGBT Community Center National History Archive, Leonard Fink, Courtesy of The Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgender Community Center. My name is still in story. Stonewall 50 Minisode 1 Marsha P. Johnson & Randy Wicker Marsha was often alone with strangers in hotel rooms and cars. The two became instant friends. But life didnt start out fearlessly for Johnson. As one of few women and Asian musicians in the jazz world, Akiyoshi infused Japanese culture, sounds, and instruments into her music. She started Transy House, modeled off STAR House, in 1997 in Park Slope, Brooklyn. Johnson is also now the subject of many documentaries. Thank you for having me. Together, Marsha P. Johnson and Sylvia Rivera continue to inspire the fight for justice that has not been won. I mean, I think about the early feminist movement and how people like Sojourner Truth, Ida B. She questioned where transgender people fit in. After graduating high school, Marsha moved to New York City with only $15 and a bag of clothes. Quiz Bowl 2023 - 1A Sacred Heart vs. Norfork - PBS . Lady Gaga Stonewall Day Speech Transcript 2019: "I Would Take a She grabbed the microphone anyway, telling the spectators and other marchers, If it wasnt for the drag queen, there would be no gay liberation movement. 2022. And I think what is consistent unfortunately is the sidelining of our voices and the sidelining of our experiences and work. Rivera said of Johnson that she was like a mother to me. The two were actively involved in the Stonewall Inn uprising on June 28, 1969 when patrons of the Stonewall Inna gay bar in Greenwich Village in lower Manhattanrebuffed a police raid and set a new tone for the gay rights movement. She dispensed cheer and joy. Willis: No. It is said those who threw the first brick on And they never forget it. We have an issue particularly in media where we often get to be either victims, of course, and not alive, or we're a superstar or celebrity. At one point, Rivera attempted suicide. And that's just not okay. They rented a dilapidated building with no electricity or running water. The Stonewall uprising was an awakening for an entire generation of LGBTQ activists. WebMarsha P. Johnson, transgender activist and urban legend, was never one to mince words. Willis, Raquel, How Sylvia Rivera Created the Blueprint for Transgender Organizing,Out Magazine,May 21, 2019,https://www.out.com/pride/2019/5/21/how-sylvia-rivera-created-blueprint-transgender-organizing. Cooking for myself, right? But I don't know if we'll even completely know we're in a revolution probably until maybe it's almost over, right? Soon, Marsha was attending rallies, sit-ins, and meetings of the newly formed Gay Liberation Front. Pay It No Mind: Marsha P. Johnson | Alexander Street, part of Marsha was part of a growing community of LGBTQ youth who sought acceptance in New York City. When they could no longer pay, they were evicted. Willis: The way that I navigate these spaces shifts. Willis: First of all, anytime a celebrity tweets, I'm like, "How you got time for this?" Meilan Solly, New York City Monument Will Honor Transgender Activists Marsha P. Johnson and Sylvia Rivera, Smithsonian Magazine, June 3, 2019, Hugh Ryan, Power to the People: Exploring Marsha P. Johnsons Queer Liberation,. The Importance of Dialogue, Development and Acceptance And so for me it's been very important to always be a Black trans woman when I come into spaces. Lee: Raquel, thank you so much for joining me. I actually think we're more powerful when we have numbers. And that is also violence. However, Johnson also found a community in the city, especially after meeting Latina drag queen Sylvia Rivera. History isnt something you look back at and say it was inevitable, it happens because people make decisions that are sometimes very impulsive and of the moment, but those moments are cumulative realities. Marsha P. Johnson, How many years has it taken people to realize that we are all brothers and sisters and human beings in the human race? But Johnson spent much of her life being ostracised by society. 'Cause we're all caught up in it. The Gay Activist Alliance (GAA), which formed in response to Stonewall, frequently rejected the role transgender peoplethe majority of whom were people of colorhad played in the uprising. The final bill passed in 2002 and prevents discrimination on the basis of actual or perceived sexual orientation in employment, housing, public accommodations, education, credit, and the exercise of civil rights.. Willis: Of course. Marsha is one of many Black Trans And so when I think about womanhood, we have to be expansive with all of these gender categories. So you can't really say that womanhood is based in the ability to procreate as a woman. [5] The parks updates will include a litany of updated facilities such as a public restroom and an educational hub. I've also been planting and reminding myself through gardening indoors, I guess, that regardless of what happens, growth is still possible. MLA Rothberg, Emma. If you walked down Christopher Street, Marsha would receive you in the manner of a gracious host. I think its about time the gay brothers and sisters got their rights especially the women., On Embracing Her Identity: Id like to see the gay revolution get started If a transvestite doesnt say 'Im gay and Im proud and Im a transvestite,' then nobody else is going to hop up there and say 'Im gay and Im proud and Im a transvestite' for them., On Human Rights: You never completely have your rights, one person, until you all have your rights. Police are treating her death as a homicide. For example, dancing with a person of the same sex as well as cross-dressing were illegal. New-York Historical Society Library. 'Cause it's like you're only cherished if you're dead, or you're only cherished if you can be in the spotlight and in some ways serve this desire of a cis person for you to be a spectacle, right, so they can add another layer of distance to you. Not long after arriving in New York, 17-year-old Marsha met 11-year-old Sylvia Rivera. And you said, "Let today be the last day that you ever doubt Black trans power.". Lee: Black trans women in particular have been an important of the gay rights movement since the Stonewall uprising in 1969 in New York City. Her father was absent and her mother died by suicide when Rivera was 3 years old. [5]Brooklyns East River State Park renamed in honor of late LGBTQ activist and trans icon Marsha P. Johnson, Download the official NPS app before your next visit, "From the Vault: Sylvia Rivera & Marsha P. Johnson, 1970," Making Gay History Podcast, Marsha P. Johnsons Activism Matters Now More Than Ever, Site Renderings for Marsha P. Johnson State Park, LGBTQ America: A Theme Study of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer History, "These transgender icons will be the first to get statues in the US", "'The Death And Life Of Marsha P. Johnson' Shows Fight For Social Justice Isn't Finished", "Two Transgender Activists Are Getting a Monument in New York", Marsha P. Johnson, a black transgender woman, was a central figure in the gay liberation movement, Two Transgender Activists Are Getting a Monument in New York, These transgender icons will be the first to get statues in the US, The transgender women at Stonewall were pushed out of the gay rights movement. Original music by Hannis Brown. Invite students to research the ways in which Marshas legacy is being remembered today. Sylvia Rivera, National Park Service,https://www.nps.gov/people/sylvia-rivera.htm. To learn more, check out the vocabulary resource guides from. Rights for LGBTQ+ people were limited and sometimes ignored completely. Why do you think Marshas life has started to gain more attention in recent years? To honor Johnsons life, public art will be included and interpretive park signage throughout the park will share her story. I don't trust men that much anymore., On the Fight for Freedom: No pride for some of us without liberation for all of us., On Her Reputation: I know people think Im a stupid little street queen out there begging for change cause theres nothing else she knows how to do., On Gender Roles: I'm very comfortable around straight men. Rivera had an incredibly difficult childhood. A term to describe people who wear clothes designed for the opposite sex. Marsha P. Johnson never self-identified with the term transgender, but the term was also not in broad use while she was alive. After a boy sexually assaulted her, she stopped wearing the clothes she loved and felt most comfortable in. TRANSCRIPT Throughout Greenwich Village, she was known as Saint Marsha. Locals admired her ability to truly be herself. You know? Raquel Willis: There's this idea that because we are having an openly different gender experience, that we deserve the abuse that we may receive. There are plenty of cis women who don't check off a lot of criterias that are considered womanhood. Willis: I think that we need all the allies. Because as a Black trans woman, you telling me you want to abolish the police or you telling me you want to abolish prisons, that you want to defund the police doesn't necessarily put me completely at ease because I know that I could still be and am likely to be harmed by men in our communities, particularly Black cishet men. And sometimes it seems obviously clear that this person was killed because they were trans. Once in New York, Johnson returned to dressing in clothing made for women and adopted the full name Marsha P. Johnson; the P stood for Pay It No Mind, a phrase that became her motto. The City intends to have the monuments installed by 2021, as part of a plan to address gender gaps in public art. Almost 30 years on from her death, Johnson is getting the attention she was denied when she was alive, with tales of WebOn what would have been Marsha P Johnsons 77th birthday, the founder of the institute that bears her name discusses her powerful, often misunderstood legacy. [2]Two Transgender Activists Are Getting a Monument in New York

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