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The galaxy lies in the vicinity of the bright star Delta Leonis (Zosma). Heracles could not defeat the lion with arrows, so he trapped it in its cave, grappled with the beast and eventually defeated it. Astronomers had a detailed look at Regulus' motion in a study published in 2005, showing that the star would only need to rotate about 10 percent faster to tear itself to pieces. [5] From this observation individuals began to denote them the royal stars. Draco) or exist in the real world (e.g. The star belongs to the IC 2391 supercluster, a stellar association whose member stars share a common motion through space, but are not gravitationally bound. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Our Sun in comparison has an average temperature of 5.778 Kelvin. The main components are designated as Alpha Leonis (Regulus) A, B, and C. Regulus A is a spectroscopic binary system consisting of a blue-white main sequence star and a dim companion that has not yet been seen directly. The galaxy is known to have a supermassive black hole at its centre. In medieval astrology, Regulus was one of the 15 Behenian fixed stars, believed to hold special astrological power. The January Leonids are a minor shower that peaks between January 1 and 7. Messier 66 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in Leo. It has a mass of 3.8 solar masses and is an extremely fast spinner, with a rotational velocity of 347 km/s. Regulus D is a 12th magnitude companion at 212",[33] but is an unrelated background object. [citation needed] In Chinese it is known as , the Fourteenth Star of Xuanyuan, the Yellow Emperor. It exhibits an excess emission of infrared, which indicates the presence of a circumstellar disk of dust. A and BC share a common proper motion and are thought to orbit each other[5] taking several million years. Along with Sirius and Orion, Regulus would be one of the star systems from which man originates. The International Occultation Timing Association recorded no observations at all. Regulus A is a spectroscopic binary star composed of a blue-white main sequence star belonging to the spectral class B7 V, and a companion star which cannot be resolved, but is believed to be a white dwarf. And Regulus is not the only star with a fast spin. Stewart, Suzy. The Arabic phrase is sometimes approximated as Kabelaced. Along with Regulus in Leo, Alpha Virginis is believed to be one of the bright stars that made it possible for Hipparchus (160 - 120 BC) to discover the precession of the equinoxes, after comparing his data to that of the Alexandrian Timochares, who had observed Spica and Regulus around 300 BC. Come early July, Regulus will be low to the west an hour after sunset. Because Regulus can stray within the ecliptic, or the path upon which the sun and planets travel, it is very occasionally eclipsed by one of the planets or an asteroid. Given the extremely distorted shape of the primary, the relative orbital motion may be notably altered with respect to the two-body purely Keplerian scenario because of non-negligible long-term orbital perturbations affecting, for example, its orbital period. Denebola is the second brightest star in Leo and the 61st brightest star in the sky. M66 and NGC 3628 had an encounter in the past, and the gravitational interaction between the two resulted in an exceptionally high central mass concentration in M66, a high molecular to atomic mass ratio, and a resolved noncorotating clump of H I material being removed from one of M66s spiral arms. Regulus is the bright star that makes the point of the question mark. Leo 1 is a dwarf galaxy, and a member of our local group. A Type Ia supernova, SN 1998bu, was discovered in M96 in May 1998. If we go across the sea to Egypt, we can see a different take on the constellation Leo myth. Wolf 359 is a red dwarf with the stellar classification M6.5Ve. Leonis (Latinized to Alpha Leonis) is the star system's Bayer designation. Regulus A is only a few million years old. It is classified as a Delta Scuti variable, which means that its brightness varies slightly over a period of a few hours. The two stars are separated by about 100 astronomical units, or 2.5 arc seconds. The lion lived in a cave in Nemea, a town located to the south-west of Corinth. Regulus lies only 0.46 degrees from the ecliptic, which is the Suns apparent path across the sky, through the zodiac constellations, and is regularly occulted by the Moon and very rarely by Mercury and Venus. This fast rotation causes Regulus A to bulge at its equator, so it appears oblate, or egg-shaped. It has a visual magnitude of 3.856 and is approximately 5,000 light years distant. These stars were considered to be the guardians of the sky in ancient Persia, around the year 3000 BCE. NGC 3596 is an intermediate spiral galaxy with a visual magnitude of 12.0. The Arabic name for the star is Qalb al-Asad, which means the heart of the lion.. [16] The companion pair has an orbital period of about 600 years[5] with a separation of 2.5" in 1942.[16]. Messier 65, Messier 66 and NGC 3628 form the famous Leo Triplet galaxy group. Regulus can also sometimes be occulted by asteroids. Like Regulus, Denebola is a rapid rotator, which results in an oblate shape of the star, with a bulge at the equator. Regulus star is also known as Basiliskos, Cor Leonis (Lions Heart), Qalb al-Asad and Rex. [30], Although best seen in the evening in the northern hemisphere's late winter and spring, Regulus appears at some time of night throughout the year except for about a month (depending on ability to compensate for the sun's glare, ideally done so in twilight) on either side of August 2224, when the Sun is too close. The constellation Leo was mentioned in the Tetrabiblos, an ancient Roman text by Ptolemy (c. A.D. 100 170). NGC 3842 is an elliptical galaxy, notable for having one of the largest black holes known. Stewart, Suzy. Regulus is a bright star seen in the constellation Leo. Mu Leonis belongs to the spectral class K3. M95 belongs to the M96 Group of galaxies, which also includes M96 and M105, and also at least nine other galaxies. Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on Print & PDF (Opens in new window), Apollo Soranus: the wolf, the sun, and thesacrifice, Aldebaran: the Bulls Eye WE ARE STAR STUFF, Spica: the Wheat Sheaf We Are Star Stuff. The Egyptians considered Leo the House of the Sun, as when they first charted the stars, Leo was rising with the sun at the solstice, so Leo and Sirius were associated with the heat of summer. Variations in the spin of the star mean there is probably a white dwarf, or dead star, lurking in the vicinity of Regulus, the astronomers argued in 2008. In the sky, the six bright stars that form the Sickle of Leo represent the lions head, and the brightest star in the constellation, Regulus (Alpha Leonis), marks the beasts heart. Persian mythology: Regulus is one of 4 royal stars. [3], By 700 BCE the Assyrians had essentially mapped the ecliptic cycle because of the four stars and were in result able to map the constellations, distinguishing them from the planets and the fixed stars.[4]. The stars traditional name, Zosma, comes from ancient Greek and means the girdle. Zosma is located on the lions hip. Leo constellation lies in the northern sky. It has an apparent magnitude of 4.044 and is approximately 210 light years distant. It was the most important of the Four Royal Stars of the Persians, which marked the seasons. In 1978, Don was one of the independent inventors of the Messier Marathon, an attempt to find and view all 110 galaxies, clusters, and nebulae in one night. Mastodon: https://qoto.org/@howellspace, SpaceX Dragon debris lights up sky in bright fireball over western US during reentry (video), SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket aborts triple satellite launch at last minute. NGC 3593, image: NASA/ESA The Hubble Legacy Archive (HLA): Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI), the Space Telescope European Coordinating Facility (ST-ECF), and the Canadian Astronomy Data Centre (CADC) zoranknez (Aladin software). More than 80% of them are Population II stars, more than a billion years old. Fittingly, King Richard I of England was also famously known as the Lionheart, or more commonly Couer de Lion in French. Regulus A is a binary star consisting of a blue-white subgiant star of spectral type B8, which is orbited by a star of at least 0.3 solar masses, which is probably a white dwarf. Regulus A has a right ascension of 10h 08m 22.311s and a declination of +11 58 01.95. By early June, itll be high in the southwest an hour after sunset. Fixed star Regulus, Alpha Leonis, is a 1.4 magnitude blue-white star in Leo Constellation. Ancient Arab stargazers called Regulus by the name Qalb al-Asad, which means Heart of the Lion. The cloak both protected Heracles and made him appear even more fearsome. Its arms are also asymmetrical, thought to have been influenced by the gravitational pull of other galaxies within the same group as Messier 96. Designated RegulusB and RegulusC, the pair has Henry Draper Catalogue number HD 87884. The stars traditional naames, Ras Elased (Australis), Asad Australis and Algenubi, are derived from the Arabic phrase rs al-asad al-janb, which means the southern star of the lions head., Epsilon Leonis is 288 times more luminous than the Sun, four times as massive, and it has 21 times the solar radius. It crept higher in the sky with each passing day in March and April, as winter favorites like Orion descended westward. Messier 96 is another intermediate spiral galaxy in Leo constellation. The WGSN's first bulletin of July 2016[22] included a table of the first two batches of names approved by the WGSN; which included Regulus for this star. Together, the pair have a right ascension of 10h 08m 12.8/14s and a declination of +11 59 48. The primary component was once the smaller of the two stars. It emits only about 0.1% of the Suns energy, has 8% of the Suns mass, and only 16% the solar radius. The name Denebola comes from the Arabic anab al-asad, which means the lions tail.. In medieval astrology, Regulus was one of the 15 Behenian fixed stars, believed to hold special astrological power. Regulus is not a binary star for once, although there is a binary nearby, and possibly a white dwarf. NGC 3628, image: Pablo Carlos Budassi (CC BY-SA 4.0). [28] Regulus was occulted by the asteroid 163 Erigone in the early morning of March 20, 2014. For other uses, see, Notable stars and star systems coplanar with the ecliptic (and sun and approximately its planets, but specifically earth), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", "MSC a catalogue of physical multiple stars", "Spectroscopic Detection of the Pre-White Dwarf Companion of Regulus", "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties", "Bulletin of the IAU Working Group on Star Names, No. The discrepancy can be accounted for by a history of mass transfer onto a once-smaller Regulus A. Erigone extinguished the stars light for 14 seconds, but the occultation was not observed due to unfavourable weather conditions. [18], The primary of Regulus A has about 3.8 times the Sun's mass. Regulus' location is: One of the earliest references to Regulus was in ancient Persia, around 3000 B.C. Regulus Starseeds. Its traditional name, Algieba or Al Gieba, comes from the Arabic Al-Jabhah, which means the forehead. The star is sometimes also known by its Latin name, Juba. Play Some Golf at the Wigwam Resort. 61 reviews. As a result of Regulus fast rotation, the stars shape has been distorted into a highly oblate spheroid. The 2005 study examined the effects of the rotation for the first time using the CHARA telescope array on top of Mount Wilson in California. The constellation name Leo is pronounced /lio/. Bottom line: Regulus, the brightest star in the constellation Leo the Lion, is associated with the arrival of spring, and is prominent in May skies. I. Regulus is a four-star system composed of two pairs of stars. The staff is so caring and amazing. Its a multiple system with at least four component stars. The name Regulus is from the diminutive form of the Latin rex, meaning little king. In India it was known as Magh ("the Mighty"), in Sogdiana Magh ("the Great"), in Persia Miyan ("the Centre") and also as Venant, one of the four 'royal stars' of the Persian monarchy. They are located 100 astronomical units away from each other and have an orbital period of 2,000 years. Regulus is the nearest first-magnitude star to the ecliptic, located only 0.465 degrees north of it. Overall rating. It also bears the nickname Cor Leonis, again meaning Lions Heart. Native Americans have two general Ursa Major myths. With five stars brighter than magnitude 3.0, it is easy to spot, even from areas with some light pollution. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Regulus, designated Alpha Leonis, is a blue-white main-sequence star of magnitude 1.34, 77.5 light-years from Earth. It can be seen in the night sky throughout the year except for a month on either side of August 22, when the Sun comes too close to the star. By early April, Regulus was well up in the southeast an hour after sunset. Regulus passes through SOHO's LASCO C3 every August. "A companion may be a low mass white dwarf or main sequence star," a preprint version of the research paper read. 12/13/2022. Space is part of Future US Inc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. Regulus, along with five slightly dimmer stars (Zeta Leonis, Mu Leonis, Gamma Leonis, Epsilon Leonis, and Eta Leonis) have collectively been called 'the Sickle', which is an asterism that marks the head of Leo. Another, perhaps even more striking, feature of Messier 95 is its blazing golden core. The binary pair (two dwarfs, orange and red) are about 4,200 Earth-sun distances (astronomical units, or AU) away from Regulus and take about 130,000 years to complete one orbit, Darling said. It might appear featureless and unexciting at first glance, but NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope observations of this elliptical galaxy known as Messier 105 show that the stars near the galaxys centre are moving very rapidly. The galaxy was discovered by William Herschel in 1784. The light output is dominated by Regulus A. Regulus B, if seen in isolation, would be a binocular object of magnitude +8.1, and its companion, Regulus C, the faintest of the three stars that has been directly observed, would require a substantial telescope to be seen, at magnitude +13.5. The Egyptians also recognized the Leo constellation and it's champion star, Regulus. The galaxy is classified as a double-barred spiral with a small inner bulge through the centre along with an outer bulge. In the MUL.APIN, a catalogue of stars and constellations in Babylon, Regulus was listed as LUGAL. The name Regulus was officially approved by the International Astronomical Unions (IAU) Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) on June 30, 2016. Both Eratosthenes and Hyginus wrote that the lion was placed among the constellations because it was the king of beasts. It is between 390 and 490 light years distant from the Sun. Leo is one of the largest northern constellations. It belongs to the spectral class M2.5 V. An extrasolar planet, Gliese 436b, was discovered in the stars orbit in 2004, and the presence of another planet, UCF-1.01, was confirmed in 2012. The planet Venus passes the star around this time every eight years. HD 87884 is separated from Regulus by 176 and is itself a close pair. History and Mythology. The star is approximately 247 light years distant from Earth. These include the Messier 96 Group (the Leo I Group) with member galaxies Messier 95, Messier 96, and Messier 105, and the Messier 66 Group (the Leo Triplet), which consists of the galaxies Messier 65, Messier 66, and NGC 3628. Astronomers have concluded that these stars are zooming around a supermassive black hole with an estimated mass of 200 million Suns! Astrophotographer John Chumack sent in a photo of Mars (red), Regulus (blue star) and the waning crescent moon in a triangle over his backyard observatory in Dayton, OH. M65 does not contain much dust and gas and there isnt much star formation occurring in it. In late February, Regulus is visible throughout the night. It's the brightest star in the constellation and among the brightest in Earth's night sky. Regulus appears below the Lions head and shoulders and marks its heart. Image created using the Aladin Sky Atlas software from the Strasbourg Astronomical Data Center and DSS (Digitized Sky Survey) data. It is classified as a Cepheid variable, changing by an amplitude of 0.3 magnitude every few days. Regulus A is the brightest star of the system, having around 288 solar luminosities. 2 stars. Due to the stars oblate shape, its poles are closer to the centre of mass and have a higher effective temperature and therefore brightness, while the equatorial region is cooler and less bright. Regulus appears as a single star to the unaided eye, but it is in fact a quadruple star system consisting of two pairs of stars and possibly more components. You might have heard of a star called Regulus D. This does not refer to the spectroscopic companion of Regulus A, but to a 12th-magnitude star that sits 212 arcseconds from Regulus. It is spinning extremely rapidly, with a rotation period of only 15.9 hours, which causes it to have a highly oblate shape. The autumnal equinox, the point where the Sun crosses the ecliptic in early autumn, is located halfway between Regulus and Spica, the brightest star in Leo. Regulus D is a 12th magnitude star located at a separation of 212 arcseconds. The galaxys disk appears slightly warped, which, along with some recent starburst activity, suggests that the galaxy is interacting with another object. His 2nd comet took an additional 1742 hours. Join our Space Forums to keep talking space on the latest missions, night sky and more! It is a double star divisible in binoculars, with a secondary of magnitude 7.7. The stars in the galaxys central region are very old. It has an apparent magnitude of 1.35 and is not actually a single star, but a multiple star system. Image: ESA/Hubble & NASA and the LEGUS Team, acknowledgement: R. Gendler. Regulus is the dot of the question mark. The royal stars are mentioned in the Bundahishn, a collection of Zoroastrian cosmogony and cosmology. Alpha Leonis system, image credit: Pablo Carlos Budassi (CC BY-SA 4.0). Regulus is the brightest object in the constellation Leo and one of the brightest stars in the night sky. Later he received a 6-inch (15 cm) Criterion Dynascope and found all the Messier Objects in one year (1969-70). The Persians knew the constellation as Shir or Ser, Babylonians called it UR.GU.LA (the great lion), Syrians knew it as Aryo, and the Turks as Artan. Its estimated age is 162 million years. In Indian astronomy, Regulus corresponds to the Nakshatra Magha ("the bountiful"). The two components in the Omicron Leonis system belong to the spectral classes F9III (a giant) and A5mV (a main sequence star). Delta Leonis is slightly larger and hotter than the Sun. Mira variables are pulsating variable stars that are in the late stage of evolution, very red in colour, and with pulsation periods longer than 100 days. Until the end of his life, in 2022, Don continued his visual comet hunting and Messier Marathons from Arizona, where he lived with his wife Michele. Regulus is best seen in late winter and spring in the northern hemisphere, when it rises high above the horizon in the evening. [citation needed], Regulus is a multiple star system consisting of at least four stars. The brighter pair, designated Regulus A, is a spectroscopic binary system consisting of a bright blue star of spectral classification B7 V, and a companion that has not been directly observed, but is likely a white dwarf with a low mass of only 0.3 solar. 2.08), Denebola (Beta Leo, mag. It has an apparent magnitude of 12.6. The galaxy is notable for having a long tidal tail spanning about 300,000 light years, and a broad, obscuring dust band along the outer edge of its spiral arms. The Spring Triangle and the Diamond of Virgo, image: Stellarium. It is approximately 135 light years distant. The genitive form of Leo, used in star names, is Leonis (pronunciation: /lions/). Beta Leonis is a relatively young star. It can be located using the stars of the Big Dipper; Megrez and Phecda, the two inner stars of the Dippers bowl, point the way to the asterism. Get breaking space news and the latest updates on rocket launches, skywatching events and more! It was the Polish astronomer and mathematician Nicolaus Copernicus who translated these names into Latin as Regulus. In Greek mythology, The Greeks associated Constellation Leo with the Nemean Lion. The distances between B and C ranged from 4.0 to 2.5 arc seconds between 1867 and 1943. The rotation of Regulus speeds at 700,000 mph (1.1 million kph) at its equator. He received his 1st telescope in 1965, a 2-inch (5cm) refractor. . Its traditional name, Adhafera, comes from the Arabic al-afrah, which means the curl or the braid.. In 2016, the International Astronomical Union organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)[21] to catalog and standardize proper names for stars. It is the 22nd brightest star, although the 21st, Alpha Centauri, is not much brighter than it is. Elizabeth is also a post-secondary instructor in communications and science since 2015. He used the lions claws to cut off its pelt, and then wore the pelt as a cloak, complete with the lions head. In Arabic, it is . As Regulus closely aligns to the mean orbits of large bodies of the solar system and involves more light reaching the Earth than such other stars, the system has advanced telescopic use (to study and identify objects occulting and casting their shadow on a telescope, including known or unknown asteroids of the solar system such as Trojans, being in line by definition with their associated planetary plane). It has a visual magnitude of 10.2 and is approximately 32 million light years distant. It is part of the Leo Triplet, along with M65 and NGC 3628. Regulus is the dot of the question mark. Look towards Regulus around that date and youll see the sun. It rose above the horizon as the sun set, stayed up all night long, and reached its highest point due south (as seen from the Northern Hemisphere) at local midnight. The star can easily be seen without binoculars. They eventually expel their outer envelopes to form planetary nebulae and become white dwarfs within a few million years. The Washington Double Star Catalog", Bright Star Regulus near the Leo I Dwarf Galaxy, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Regulus&oldid=1149452547, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2018, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 12 April 2023, at 10:00. You can locate Regulus also known as Alpha Leonis at the base of a star pattern that appears like a backward question mark. Zosma is a white main sequence star of the spectral type A4 V, approximately 58.4 light years from Earth. It has an estimated age of at least a billion years. It would also be the star system from which the lions and the lion Gods (half man, half human) originally came. In contrast, our sun spins on its axis about once every 27 days. By the time of the Persian Empire (550 BC330 BC), Aldebaran watched the Eastern sky and was the dominant star in the Taurus constellation, Regulus watched the North and was the dominant star in the Leo constellation, Antares watched the West and was the alpha star in Scorpio, and Fomalhaut watched the Southern sky and was the brightest star in Piscis Austrinus (sharing the same longitude with the star Sadalmelik which is the predominant star in Aquarius). 4 stars. The last occultation of Regulus by a planet was on July 7, 1959, by Venus. Visitor Centers. History and mythology of Aldebaran. 2. The main star in Leo, Regulus, was associated with kings. NGC 3357 is an elliptical galaxy in Leo. The star has two known companions nearby, a set of binary stars, but observations in the past few years suggest there may be a white dwarf lurking close to Regulus as well. The two stars complete an orbit around their common centre of mass every 40 days or so. The spectroscopic binary Regulus A consists of a blue-white main-sequence star and its companion, which has not yet been directly observed, but is probably a white dwarf. (In Arabic, Qalb al-Asad, anglicized to Kabelaced.) Regulus in Leo. Regulus A is the dominant star, with a binary companion 177" distant that is thought to be physically related. The flares from the star emit strong bursts of gamma rays and X-ray radiation. A line from Megrez through Phecda, the inner stars of the Big Dippers bowl, leads to the Sickle. And from mid-September through mid-February, Regulus will be in the morning sky. (Cepheid variables, named after Delta Cephei in Cepheus constellation, are very luminous stars that have a direct relationship between their luminosity and pulsation period, which makes these stars important standard candles for establishing distance scales.). The fourth star in the system has never been directly resolved via imaging, but its presence is revealed by spectroscopic analysis of Regulus A. Astronomers think it may be a closely orbiting white dwarf star. Regulus B is a K2V star and the companion is believed to be a red dwarf of the spectral type M4V. This blog allows me to explore ideas and get reactions and suggestions from readers. There are no recently available measurements. The star is an exceptionally fast rotator, with a rotation period of only 15.9 hours. For example, in 1959, Regulus was occulted by Venus. [17], Regulus BC is 5,000AU[35] from RegulusA. Regulus was also one of the 15 Behenian fixed stars in medieval astrology, which were believed to have influence on one or more planets. Regulus, Alpha Leonis ( Leo), is the primary component in a multiple-star system located 79.3 light-years away in the constellation Leo. Toucan). It is a bluish star, and it can be seen all around the globe. R Leonis is approximately 370 light years distant from the solar system. Denebola also exhibits a strong infrared excess, which suggests that it may have a circumstellar debris disk of dust in its orbit. Only Alpha Centauri in the constellation Centaurus and Barnards Star in Ophiuchus are closer. I am the child of earth and starry heaven. Petelia Tablet, We are all in the gutter, but some of us are looking at the stars. Oscar Wilde. Algieba is composed of a giant star with the spectral classification K1-IIIbCN0.5 and a dimmer companion star which belongs to the spectral class G7IIICN-I. Leo belongs to the Zodiac family of constellations, along with Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Virgo, Libra, Scorpius, Sagittarius, Capricornus, Aquarius and Pisces.

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