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[131] Hecate is depicted fighting Clytius in the east frieze of the Gigantomachy, in the Pergamon Altar next to Artemis;[132] she appears with a different weapon in each of her three right hands, a torch, a sword and a lance. . Goddess of boundaries, transitions, crossroads, magic, the New Moon, necromancy, and ghosts. Rohde, i. The Origin of Hotdogs, The History of Boracay Island in The Philippines. [95] In Thrace she played a role similar to that of lesser-Hermes, namely a ruler of liminal regions, particularly gates, and the wilderness. The eye of Horus Sekhmets father is Ra. All of that information has been concised so far in this article. Hecate or Hekate[a] is a goddess in ancient Greek religion and mythology, most often shown holding a pair of torches, a key, snakes, or accompanied by dogs,[1] and in later periods depicted as three-formed or triple-bodied. Lady of the mountains of the setting sun: Watcher and guardian of the west. He also performs other secret rites [of Hecate] at four pits, taming the fierceness of the blasts [of the winds], and he is said to chant as well the charms of Medea. thou who are pre-eminent, who riseth in the seat of silence who is mightier than the gods who are the source, the mother, from whence souls come and who makest a place for them in the hidden underworld And the abode of everlastingness. This description matches completely with that of the Triple Goddess, a deity who presides over birth, life, and death.[4]. [2][3][4] Her earliest appearance in literature was in Hesiod's Theogony in the 8th century BCE[5] as a goddess of great honour with domains in sky, earth, and sea. [10][11], Early researchers attempted to prove Qetesh was simply a form of a known Canaanite deity, rather than a fully independent goddess. Antiphanes, in Athenaeus, 313 B (2. She was a warrior goddess. by Patricia Monaghan, which is a very comprehensive encyclopedia of Goddesses; Dictionary of Gods and Goddesses. Each aspect within the Triple Goddess is . English translation used here from: William Wynn Wescott (tr. [51], Hecate was said to favour offerings of garlic, which was closely associated with her cult. 2. [27] Farnell states: "The evidence of the monuments as to the character and significance of Hecate is almost as full as that of to express her manifold and mystic nature. [28] It has been speculated that this triple image, usually situated around a pole or pillar, was derived from earlier representations of the goddess using three masks hung on actual wooden poles, possibly placed at crossroads and gateways. She is mentioned a number of times in the spells of The Book of the Dead as both a creative and destructive force. Marcia Stark & Gynne Stern (1993) The Dark Goddess: Dancing with the Shadow, The Crossing Press. To link to this article in the text of an online publication, please use this URL: 3. In common Neopagan usage, the Triple Goddess is viewed as a triunity of three distinct aspects or figures united in one being. Amulets depict her as seated or standing, holding a papyrus-shaped scepter. "[49], The goddess is described as wearing oak in fragments of Sophocles' lost play The Root Diggers (or The Root Cutters), and an ancient commentary on Apollonius of Rhodes' Argonautica (3.1214) describes her as having a head surrounded by serpents, twining through branches of oak.[50]. [123], Hesiod's inclusion and praise of Hecate in the Theogony has been troublesome for scholars, in that he seems to hold her in high regard, while the testimony of other writers, and surviving evidence, suggests that this may have been the exception. ", deEste, Sorita. [138] Schwemer believes that this use of Ereshkigal's name merely furnished "the Greek Netherworld goddess with a mysterious-sounding, foreign name". Ions Veronica (1983) Egyptian Mythology, Peter Bedrick Books, 9. Sorita d'Este, Avalonia, 2010, "Hecate had a "botanical garden" on the island of Colchis where the following alkaloid plants were kept: Akoniton (. Pp. Dogs were also sacrificed to the road. Osiris, one of Egypt's most important deities, was god of the underworld. This aligns with the pyramid texts mentioning that Sekhmet conceived the king. "[30], While Greek anthropomorphic conventions of art generally represented Hecate's triple form as three separate bodies, the iconography of the triple Hecate eventually evolved into representations of the goddess with a single body, but three faces. Qetesh is also the name used in The Sarah Jane Adventures episode Goodbye, Sarah Jane Smith, and confirmed to be the humanoid species (also known as "soul-stealers") of Ruby White (the episode's villain) who feeds off excitement and heightened emotion and have stomachs that live outside their bodies. roads, which she carries as she attends her mistress in the sky[68], This speech from the Root Cutters may or may not be an intentional association of Hecate with the Moon. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. An important sanctuary of Hecate was a holy cave on the island of Samothrake called Zerynthos: In Samothrake there were certain initiation-rites, which they supposed efficacious as a charm against certain dangers. In the pyramid texts, Sekhmet is written to be the mother of the kings reborn in the afterlife. Subsequently, Hecate became Persephone's companion on her yearly journey to and from the realms of Hades, serving as a psychopomp. In Greek, deipnon means the evening meal, usually the largest meal of the day. She has three faces for her role as the goddess of boundaries and the guardian of . The Greek word for mullet was trigle and later trigla. Danu was the source of the tribe's common heritage, as well as its nobility, unity, and power. Her attendants draped wreathes of yew around the necks of black bulls which they slaughtered in her honor and yew boughs were burned on funeral pyres. According to a New Kingdom story, as 'Lady of the Sycamore', she heals the eye of Horus with milk from a gazelle. The Greek Magical Papyri describe Hecate as the holder of the keys to Tartaros. The triple goddess Mari-Anna-Ishtar was worshiped in Judea at the time of Christ. These typically depict her holding a variety of items, including torches, keys, serpents, and daggers. Paper 4651. Because of this association, Hecate was one of the chief goddesses of the Eleusinian Mysteries, alongside Demeter and Persephone,[1] and there was a temple dedicated to her near the main sanctuary at Eleusis. [3], A passage from the Book of the Dead reads, superior to whom the gods cannot be . [10] A 4thcenturyBCE marble relief from Crannon in Thessaly was dedicated by a race-horse owner. [63], Thanks to her association with boundaries and the liminal spaces between worlds, Hecate is also recognized as a chthonic (underworld) goddess. Mistress of Dread: She nearly destroyed human civilization and had to be drugged to sleep. 6. [10] In what appears to be a 7th-century indication of the survival of cult practices of this general sort, Saint Eligius, in his Sermo warns the sick among his recently converted flock in Flanders against putting "devilish charms at springs or trees or crossroads",[62] and, according to Saint Ouen would urge them "No Christian should make or render any devotion to the deities of the trivium, where three roads meet". The possibility of not to be, of returning to nothingness, distinguishes Egyptian gods and goddesses from deities of all other pagan pantheons.[1]. Overview. As a goddess expected to avert harmful or destructive spirits from the house or city over which she stood guard and to protect the individual as she or he passed through dangerous liminal places, Hecate would naturally become known as a goddess who could also refuse to avert the demons, or even drive them on against unfortunate individuals. [25]Webster's Dictionary of 1866 particularly credits the influence of Shakespeare for the then-predominant disyllabic pronunciation of the name. In Sophocles and Euripides she is characterized as the mistress of witchcraft and the Keres. [28] The frog, which was also the symbol of the similarly named Egyptian goddess Heqet,[46] has also become sacred to Hecate in modern pagan literature, possibly due in part to its ability to cross between two elements. In ancient Egyptor Kemet, as it was known to its people at the timeone key concept was the relationship among three deities, Asar, Aset, and Heru. Sekhmet was worshipped along with Ra at the Heliopolis since the early Old Kingdom. No, right? Once, Hermes chased Hecate (or Persephone) with the aim to rape her; but the goddess snored or roared in anger, frightening him off so that he desisted, hence her earning the name "Brimo" ("angry"). However, there were distinct war gods (Ares), gods of strategy (Athena), and gods of death (Hades). The Mistress and Lady of the tomb, gracious one, destroyer of rebellion, mighty one of enchantments, 7. [29][28] Some hekataia, including a votive sculpture from Attica of the 3rd century BCE, include additional dancing figures identified as the Charites circling the triple Hecate and her central column. 7, Suidas s.v. So, then, albeit her mother's only child, she is honored amongst all the deathless gods. [100] The island is the modern Megalos (Great) Reumatiaris.[101]. Mary McMahon Priesthood seems to have had a prophylactic role in medicine. She was worshipped widely in Lower Egypt as a great Mother Goddess in the Predynastic Period (c. 6000- c. 3150 BCE) and so is among the older deities of Egypt. When the center of power shifted from Memphis to Thebes during the New Kingdom, her attributes were absorbed into Mut. Hecate (Hekate) is a goddess of Greek mythology capable of both good and evil. [19][20], Modern egyptologists, such as Christiane Zivie-Coche, do not consider Qetesh to be a hypostasis of Anat or Astarte, but a goddess developed in Egypt possibly without a clear forerunner among Canaanite or Syrian goddesses, though given a Semitic name and associated mostly with foreign deities.[21]. Hecate was known by a number of epithets: Hecate has been characterized as a pre-Olympian chthonic goddess. 2. She received honor also in starry heaven, and is honored exceedingly by the deathless gods. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Gods of Death Egypt is perhaps the only pantheon to have all of these responsibilities attributed to one deity. The Deipnon consists of three main parts: 1) the meal that was set out at a crossroads, usually in a shrine outside the entryway to the home[106] 2) an expiation sacrifice,[107] and 3) purification of the household.[108]. In a middle kingdom treatise, the wrath of the pharaoh toward rebels is compared to the rage of Sekhmet. Archaeologists have discovered approximately 700 larger-than-life granite statues of Sekhmet dated to the reign of Amenhotep III (18th Dynasty). A triple deity is a deity with three apparent forms that function as a singular whole. Her cult subsequently spread . Sekhmet is believed to have 4000 names that described her many attributes. (2009). Some think this deity is Athirat/Ashratu under her Ugaritic name. Egyptian Protection Symbols 10. Ishtar, Inanna, Persephone, Demeter, Hestia, Astarte, Isis, Kali, Tara, etc are some of the names that pop into the mind when we talk about esoteric goddesses. Dogs, with puppies often mentioned, were offered to Hecate at crossroads, which were sacred to the goddess. [21], William Berg observes, "Since children are not called after spooks, it is safe to assume that Carian theophoric names involving hekat- refer to a major deity free from the dark and unsavoury ties to the underworld and to witchcraft associated with the Hecate of classical Athens. Some triple goddess that I know of are the following: Greek: Hekate (Hecate), Selene, and Persephone. Hecate was the chief goddess presiding over magic and spells. Great honor comes full easily to him whose prayers the goddess receives favorably, and she bestows wealth upon him; for the power surely is with her. In ancient Egyptian mythology, Horus injured his left eye during his battles with the god Set, and thus his left eye represents the waxing and waning of the moon. [98] According to Hesychius of Miletus there was once a statue of Hecate at the site of the Hippodrome in Constantinople. Sekhmet was depicted with the body of a woman clothed in red linen, wearing a Uraeus and a sun disc on her lioness head. Sekhmet brought terrible plagues toon the land. However, Sekhmet is a solar goddess. "[105] A secondary purpose was to purify the household and to atone for bad deeds a household member may have committed that offended Hecate, causing her to withhold her favour from them. The yew in particular was sacred to Hecate. A Handbook of Greek Religion. Pages 57 to 64, Roscher, 1889; Heckenbach, 2781; Rohde, ii. Egyptian equivalent: Neith: Statue of Diana-Artemis, fresco from Pompeii, 50-1 BCE. These statues are rarely discovered in complete form. 362, and note, 411413, 424425), whose enthumion, the quasi-technical word designating their longing for vengeance, was much dreaded. [28], By the 5th century BCE, Hecate had come to be strongly associated with ghosts, possibly due to conflation with the Thessalian goddess Enodia (meaning "traveller"), who travelled the earth with a retinue of ghosts and was depicted on coinage wearing a leafy crown and holding torches, iconography strongly associated with Hecate. Medusa came to Greece from Libya as the Serpent Goddess, and the destroyer aspect of the Great Triple Goddess. Aradia in Sardinia: The Archaeology of a Folk Character. 4060 in. "[c] "[167], Shakespeare mentions Hecate both before the end of the 16th century (A Midsummer Night's Dream, 15941596), and just after, in Macbeth (1605): specifically, in the title character's "dagger" soliloquy: "Witchcraft celebrates pale Hecate's offerings"[168] [72], From her father Perses, Hecate is often called Perseis (meaning daughter of Perses)[73][74] which is also the name of one of the Oceanid nymphs, Helios wife and Circes mother in other versions. Qetesh is the name given to the Goa'uld that once possessed Vala Mal Doran, a recurring and then regular character in Seasons 9 and 10, respectively of the science fiction television series Stargate SG-1. Later poets and historians looked to Diana's identity as a triple goddess to merge her with triads heavenly, earthly, and underworld (cthonic) goddesses. Limestone fragments discovered from the valley temple of Sneferu (dynasty IV) at Dahshur depict the monarchs head closely juxtaposed to the muzzle of a lioness deity (presumed to be Sekhmet) as if to symbolize Sneferu breathing in the divine life force emanating from the goddesss mouth. [26], Hecate was generally represented as three-formed or triple-bodied, though the earliest known images of the goddess are singular. She was one of the earliest Egyptian deities and was often depicted as a cobra, as she is the serpent goddess. "Many have been caught by the obvious resemblance of the Gr. Sometimes she is seen as the daughter of Geb and Nut, and sometimes as the principal daughter of Ra. The priest (waeb Sekhmet) would recite prayers to the goddess along with the practicalities performed by the physician (sunu). [90] This sanctuary was called Hecatesion (Shrine of Hecate). She is believed to have caused plagues. In the 1st century CE, Virgil described the entrance to hell as "Hecate's Grove", though he says that Hecate is equally "powerful in Heaven and Hell." [125] Another theory is that Hecate was mainly a household god and humble household worship could have been more pervasive and yet not mentioned as much as temple worship. A round stone altar dedicated to the goddess was found in the Delphinion (a temple dedicated to Apollo) at Miletus. American Book Company, 1910. In the Argolid, near the shrine of the Dioscuri, Pausanias saw the temple of Hecate opposite the sanctuary of Eileithyia; He reported the image to be the work of Scopas, stating further, "This one is of stone, while the bronze images opposite, also of Hecate, were made respectively by Polycleitus and his brother Naucydes, son of Mothon. Many of her statues can be found in museums and archaeological sites, and her presence testifies to the historical and cultural importance of this goddess. The left side of the symbol features a waxing moon, the center features a full moon, while the right side depicts a waning moon. Hekate: Her Role and Character in Greek Literature from before the Fifth Century B.C. Larger Hekataions, often enclosed within small walled areas, were sometimes placed at public crossroads near important sites for example, there was one on the road leading to the Acropolis. [13], R. S. P. Beekes rejected a Greek etymology and suggested a Pre-Greek origin. (1971). [33][133], Hecate is the primary feminine figure in the Chaldean Oracles (2nd3rd century CE),[134] where she is associated in fragment 194 with a strophalos (usually translated as a spinning top, or wheel, used in magic) "Labour thou around the Strophalos of Hecate. In two fragments of Aeschylus she appears as a great goddess. Supporters of this etymology suggest that Hecate was originally considered an aspect of Artemis prior to the latter's adoption into the Olympian pantheon. It could also be that the fragment reads 'Phorcys', agreeing with Acusilaus' version. Fairbanks, Arthur. "Beyond Erekigal? And when men arm themselves for the battle that destroys men, then the goddess is at hand to give victory and grant glory readily to whom she will. Lewis Richard Farnell, (1896). Lady of Pestilence / Red Lady: Alignment with the desert, sends plagues to those who angered her. The son of Cronos did her no wrong nor took anything away of all that was her portion among the former Titan gods: but she holds, as the division was at the first from the beginning, privilege both in earth, and in heaven, and in sea.[122]. He adds that such an instrument is called a iunx (hence "jinx"), but as for the significance says only that it is ineffable and that the ritual is sacred to Hecate. Grandmother of the three cousins was Phoebe[123] the ancient Titan goddess whose name was often used for the moon goddess. [139], Hecate is also referenced in the Gnostic text Pistis Sophia. Is it a coincidence that the mother of the Virgin Mary is called Anna and that there is a Mary of . Myths mention how an angry Ra, created Sekhmet out of Hathor and sent her to destroy mankind because it was not upholding the laws of Maat, the ancient Egyptian concept of order and justice. Hekate's Suppers, by K. F. Smith. [43] After mentioning that this fish was sacred to Hecate, Alan Davidson writes, In her three-headed representations, discussed above, Hecate often has one or more animal heads, including cow, dog, boar, serpent, and horse. As a goddess of sovereignty and power, Danu would grant gifts to rulers and those of noble birth. Lionesses are rarely depicted in the pre-dynastic period of Egypt yet in the early pharaonic period the lioness goddesses are already well established and important. by Michael Jordan, which is also a comprehensive encyclopedia of Goddesses. Intrinsically ambivalent and polymorphous, she straddles conventional boundaries and eludes definition. [citation needed], One surviving group of stories[clarification needed] suggests how Hecate might have come to be incorporated into the Greek pantheon without affecting the privileged position of Artemis. Some of the significant ones are listed below: 1. [13] However, while Ashtart (Astarte) and Anat were closely associated with each other in Ugarit, in Egyptian sources, and elsewhere,[14][15] there is no evidence for conflation of Athirat and Ashtart, nor is Athirat associated closely with Ashtart and Anat in Ugaritic texts. 5. Berg 1974, p. 128: Berg comments on Hecate's endorsement of Roman hegemony in her representation on the pediment at Lagina solemnising a pact between a warrior (Rome) and an. Many amulets depict her image but her numerous statues abound Egyptian art. The Uraeus is a symbol for the goddess Wadjet. In that place were also the mysteries of the Korybantes [Kabeiroi] and those of Hekate and the Zerinthian cave, where they sacrificed dogs. By all the operations of the orbs the biblical Asherah) in 1941. The center of her cult was in Per-Wadjet, later called Buto by the Greeks. There is no standard version of the Egyptian pantheon. [Hekate] teaches the, Although usually the daughter of Hyperion and Theia, as in, Magliocco, Sabina. He also symbolized death, resurrection, and the cycle of Nile floods that Egypt relied on for agricultural fertility. Sekhmet is the instrument of divine retribution. He goes on to quote a fragment of verse: In relation to Greek concepts of pollution, Parker observes. Hordern, J. H. Love Magic and Purification in Sophron, PSI 1214a, and Theocritus Pharmakeutria. The Classical Quarterly 52, no. Mesopotamian Magic Traditions in the Papyri Graecae Magicae", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hecate&oldid=1151338190. The figure is flanked by lions, an animal associated with Hecate both in the Chaldean Oracles, coinage, and reliefs from Asia Minor. There are three different ways you can cite this article. Accessed May 2, 2023. To cite this article in an academic-style article or paper, use: Amy Parikh, "Sekhmet: Egypts Forgotten Esoteric Goddess", History Cooperative, March 13, 2023, https://historycooperative.org/sekhmet/. The number three has a long history of mythical associations and triple deities are common throughout world mythology. Every culture has esoteric practices, knowledge, and deities to represent both. Food offerings might include cake or bread, fish, eggs and honey. [170], As a "goddess of witchcraft", Hecate has been incorporated in various systems of modern witchcraft, Wicca, and neopaganism,[171] in some cases associated with the Wild Hunt of Germanic tradition,[172] in others as part of a reconstruction of specifically Greek polytheism, in English also known as "Hellenismos". 39 K), and 358 F; Melanthius, in Athenaeus, 325 B. Plato, Com. [13] In association with her worship alongside Apollo at Miletus, worshipers used a unique form of offering: they would place stone cubes, often wreathes, known as (gylloi) as protective offerings at the door or gateway. The oldest known direct evidence of Hecate's cult comes from Selinunte (near modern-day Trapani in Sicily), where she had a temple in the 6th5th centuries BCE. One needs refined or higher-order capabilities to understand the esoteric phenomenon. She was invoked to ward off diseases. 6. [7] However, it is clear that the special position given to Hecate by Zeus is upheld throughout her history by depictions found on coins of Hecate on the hand of Zeus[127] as highlighted in more recent research presented by d'Este and Rankine. 1. In Hesiod she is the daughter of the Titan Perses and the nymph Asteria and has power over heaven, earth, and sea; hence, she bestows wealth and all the blessings of daily life. Within the enclosure is a temple; its wooden image is the work of Myron, and it has one face and one body. [e], As Hecate Phosphorus (the 'star' Venus) she is said to have lit the sky during the Siege of PhilipII in 340BCE, revealing the attack to its inhabitants. 647. For example, "willing" (thus, "she who works her will" or similar), may be related to the name Hecate. 1910191078, This page was last edited on 23 April 2023, at 11:43. Qetesh (also Qadesh, Qedesh, Qetesh, Kadesh, Kedesh, Kade or Qades /kd/) was a goddess who was incorporated into the ancient Egyptian religion in the late Bronze Age. "In art and in literature Hecate is constantly represented as dog-shaped or as accompanied by a dog. Berg, William, "Hecate: Greek or "Anatolian"? Chapter in the book The Goddess Hekate: Studies in Ancient Pagan and Christian Philosophy edited by Stephen Ronan. "In Byzantium small temples in her honour were placed close to the gates of the city. The gods and goddesses of Ancient Egypt were an integral part of the people's everyday lives for over 3,000 years. Inscriptions of many of the statues declare that Sekhmet and Bastet are different aspects of Hathor. The goddess had many titles and epithets, often overlapping with other deities. 1 (2002): Bergmann, Bettina, Joseph Farrell, Denis Feeney, James Ker, Damien Nelis, and Celia Schultz. Otherwise, they are typically generic, or Artemis-like. She is variously associated with crossroads, entrance-ways, night, light, magic, protection from witchcraft, the Moon, knowledge of herbs and poisonous plants, graves, ghosts, necromancy, and sorcery. [15] Though often considered the most likely Greek origin of the name, the theory does not account for her worship in Asia Minor, where her association with Artemis seems to have been a late development, and the competing theories that the attribution of darker aspects and magic to Hecate were themselves not originally part of her cult. Sekhmet represented the Lower Nile region (north Egypt). 2. https://egyptianmuseum.org/deities-sekhmet, 3. iPhone History: A Timeline of Every Model in Order [150], As a virgin goddess, she remained unmarried and had no regular consort, though some traditions named her as the mother of Scylla[151] through either Phorbas[152][f] or Phorcys.[153]. It is difficult to distinguish Sekhmet from other feline goddesses, especially Bastet. The lion-headed goddess Sekhmet is the most represented deity in most Egyptian collections worldwide. This can be compared to Pausanias' report that in the Ionian city of Colophon in Asia Minor a sacrifice of a black female puppy was made to Hecate as "the wayside goddess", and Plutarch's observation that in Boeotia dogs were killed in purificatory rites. When Philip of Macedon was about to attack the city, according to the legend she alerted the townspeople with her ever present torches, and with her pack of dogs, which served as her constant companions. Goddess of: creation, war, rivers, the cosmos, mothers, childbirth, rivers, and hunting Consort: Set, Khnum Children: Sobek, Re, Tutu, Serket, Apep Association: Isis, Hathor, Mehturt (Mehet-Weret) Symbol: Spider, loom, Deshret (Red Crown of Lower Egypt), ankh symbol, bow and crossed arrows She seems to have been born in the Delta region, a place where lions were rarely seen. She is good in the byre with Hermes to increase the stock. [7] A connection with Ptah or Ra evident in her epithets is also known from Egyptian texts about Anat and Astarte. As Sterckx (2002) observes, "The use of dog sacrifices at the gates and doors of the living and the dead as well as its use in travel sacrifices suggest that dogs were perceived as daemonic animals operating in the liminal or transitory realm between the domestic and the unknown, danger-stricken outside world". [79] Mooney however notes that when it comes to the nymph Perse herself, there's no evidence of her actually being a moon goddess on her own right. [13] Another Greek word suggested as the origin of the name Hecate is Hekatos, an obscure epithet of Apollo[10] interpreted as "the far reaching one" or "the far-darter". Ishtar Astarte Aphrodite, The Myth of Asherah: Lion Lady and Serpent Goddess, KTU 1.107: A miscellany of incantations against snakebite, A Reassessment of Asherah: With Further Considerations of the Goddess, A Reassessment of Tikva Frymer-Kensky's Asherah, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qetesh&oldid=1142869786, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles having different image on Wikidata and Wikipedia, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Lion, snake, a bouquet of papyrus or Egyptian lotus, Hathor wig, This page was last edited on 4 March 2023, at 20:11. The symbol is a representation of the changing phases of the moon which also correspond with . Her name is the Greek form of an ancient Egyptian word for "throne." Isis was initially an obscure goddess who lacked her own dedicated temples, but she grew in importance as the dynastic age progressed, until she became one of the most important deities of ancient Egypt. There was also a shrine to Hecate in Aigina, where she was very popular: Of the gods, the Aiginetans worship most Hecate, in whose honour every year they celebrate mystic rites which, they say, Orpheus the Thrakian established among them. Serket (also known as Serqet, Selkis, and Selket) is an Egyptian goddess of protection associated with the scorpion.

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