7th pennsylvania regiment revolutionary waris camille winbush related to angela winbush

In 1779, a detachment accompanied light infantry troops in the storming of Stoney Point. Here the 2nd Pennsylvania served in a provisional brigade commanded by Lt. Col. Aaron Burr and made a charge from the American left flank into a British force trying to assault the American center. William Whitesides (appointed 1780-1782) East Kennett Township. For a more detailed account of how the Pennsylvania militia system worked see "The Pennsylvania Militia in 1777" by Hannah Benner Roach in Trussell, John B.B. Special battalions of line troops were recruited for theFlying Campfrom among the Pennsylvania Associators who took part in the New Jersey campaign in 1776. 7TH PENNSYLVANIA REGIMENT - Valley Forge Muster Roll The regiment was assigned to the 3d Pennsylvania Brigade of the Main Continental Army on 27 May 1777. Gen. Anthony Wayne's division. At Trenton, it was the 1st Continental Regiment (now known as the 1st Pennsylvania Regiment) that cut off the Hessian retreat from Trenton, causing them to surrender. Organized between January 31- August 19, 1777 at Lancaster as Capt. Search the Revolutionary War Pension and Bounty-Land Warrant Application Files of Connecticut Veterans from The National Archives: Capt. On 1 July 1778 the regiment was re-organized to eight companies. Relieved in January 1777 from Stirling's Brigade. Many personnel had previously served in the 2nd Pennsylvania Battalion. The 12th Pennsylvania Regiment also known as Northumberland Defense Battalion was raised August 23, 1776 at Sunbury, Pennsylvania as a state militia regiment and later for service with the Continental Army. Gen. A comprehensive list of Americans in the Revolutionary War. 7th Pennsylvania Regiment (Revolutionary War) FamilySearch This list contains most of the American units that took part in the war and where they saw action and what happened to them during the American Revolution. For guidebooks to Pennsylvania's military units for the Revolutionary War, the following sources are helpful: Pennsylvania Society Sons of the American Revolution, http://digital.library.pitt.edu/cgi-bin/t/text/text-idx?idno=31735054858331;view=toc;c=darltext, Swarthmore College Friends Historical Library, https://www.familysearch.org/en/wiki/index.php?title=Pennsylvania_in_the_Revolutionary_War&oldid=5095787. Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission. John Doyle's Independent Rifle Company. On March 14, 1776, the 6th Pennsylvania Battalion was sent to New York City. Furloughed on June 11, 1783 at Philadelphia (less 2 companies remaining active at Fort Pitt). A third type of militia duty was in providing guards for supply depots located in Lancaster, Lebanon and Reading and at various prisoner of war camps. 7th Pennsylvania Regiment - Wikipedia Gen. Anthony Wayne's Division. During this period, 135 men and officers were detached to Col. Daniel Morgan and participated in the Saratoga campaign as part of his rifle corps. When the classes were called up, each captain would deliver a notice to each man's dwelling or place of business. When active service occurred, it would have been for only sixty days at a time. They also helped garrison Fort Pitt, Fort Henry, and a number of smaller posts. Revolutionary War Pension Declarations Anderson Harriet 33340 1838 Davis, Hezekiah Family Bentley James 33392 1836 Quaintance, John Family . Click on the county your ancestor was from. Essentially, the old 2nd Pennsylvania ceased to exist before the final campaign in Virginia and South Carolina, although former members of the regiment were battle casualties at Green Springs on July 6 and Yorktown in October. The FamilySearch Library and the National Archives have the: Regimental rosters with biographical information of Pennsylvania soldiers are published in: Linn, John Blair, William Henry Egle, and Joseph McClellan. Mifflins Division|1st Pennsylvania (Waynes) Brigade| 7th Pennsylvania Regiment. It was assigned on February 27, 1776 to the, Remainder of Regiment reorganized and re-designated 1 January 1, 1777 as the 6th Pennsylvania Regiment, an element of the, Relieved on July 22, 1778 from the 3rd Pennsylvania Brigade and assigned to the 2nd Pennsylvania Brigade, an element of the. January 3, 1777 The Battle of Princeton. It remained in the Western Department till the end of the war. The Valley Forge Park Alliance maintains the Muster Roll Project and helps to inspire appreciation of and support for Valley Forge National Historical Park. Relieved on May 19, 1778 from the 2nd Pennsylvania Brigade and assigned to the. The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine 23 (No. Later, some of the 11th Pennsylvania took part in the patrol actions in New Jersey, which marked the spring and summer of 1777. For this reason, a particular private might be listed in a different battalion in 1781 than he was in 1778 but this does not necessarily mean that he was transferred between units or changed residence. Harmar would remain in this position until 1780. On the night of September 20, 1777, one of the most infamous events of the American Revolution took place: the Battle of Paoli sometimes referred to as the Paoli Massacre. The regiment participated in the unsuccessful defense of New York City and was captured in part at Fort Washington (16 Nov., 1776). Within each county, the colonels drew lots for their individual rank, which was then assigned to their battalion as First Battallion, Second Battalion, Third Battalion, etc. Pennsylvania Society. Entered service at: Harrisburg, Pa. Born: 15 August 1830, Harrisburg, Pa. Citation: Led one of the most desperate and successful charges of the war at Shelbyville, Tenn., 27 June 1863. York County Revolutionary War Militia Translate. Under the provisions of the Militia Law, the men called up for active duty were automatically assigned to companies whose numbers were different from their own company numbers on the permanent billet rolls. Chester County Revolutionary War Militia They were either used to augment the operations of the Continental Line such as when some of the Associators accompanied General Washington in crossing the Delaware in January 1777. 3, 1964): 161-230 was well as the historical background section below. This active-duty roll was therefore a completely different roll from the permanent billet roll. When the army was reorganized on January 1, 1776, the Battalion was renamed the 1st Continental Regiment of Foot. Captured in part on November 16, 1776 by the British Army at Fort Washington, New York. There, on January 1, 1781, the mutiny of the Pennsylvania troops took place. On June 10, 1777, the Pennsylvania Assembly, following the advice of the Supreme Executive Council of the state, transferred the state regiment to Continental service. The 4th Pennsylvania Regiment was raised December 9, 1775 at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania for service with the Continental Army. Search Connecticut Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 from The National Archives, Search Compiled Service Records of Soldiers Who Served from Connecticut in the American Army During the Revolution from The National Archives. Colonel Piper are captured. 11th Pennsylvania Regiment was officially authorized on October 25, 1776. Originally, the 6th Pennsylvania Battalion, the 7th Pennsylvania was authorized on January 4, 1776. The regiment was furloughed, on June 11, 1783, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and disbanded on November 15, 1783. In the meantime, the regiment was commanded by the senior officer present for duty, Maj. William Williams. Where it was involved in several minor battles and skirmishes. The Pennsylvania Council of Safety prescribes that there will be ten companies, "eight of them armed with muskets and the other two with riffles." Please enable scripts and reload this page. Organized in spring 1777 at Philadelphia to consist of 8 companies from York, Bucks, Northampton and Northumberland Counties. Some elements of the 11th Pennsylvania saw action in the Battle of Princeton, January 3, 1777. Revolutionary War Militia Overview - Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Pennsylvania Units in the Revolutionary War Though the act provided exemptions for members of the Continental Congress, Pennsylvania's Supreme Executive Council, Supreme Court judges, masters and teachers of colleges, ministers of the Gospel, and indentured servants, as a practical matter anyone could avoid serving either by filing an appeal to delay their service for a period of time or by paying a fine to hire a substitute. On June 19, 1778, the Continental Army left Valley Forge in pursuit and engaged the British in the Battle of Monmouth on an extremely hot June 28. Re-designated on June 22, 1775 as the Pennsylvania Rifle Regiment. In 1779, the 6th Pennsylvania was part of the force commanded by "Mad" Anthony Wayne that stormed the British fortifications at Stony Point, NY (16 July). Organized in spring 1777 at Philadelphia to consist of 8 companies from Philadelphia City and Berks, Chester, Philadelphia and Northumberland Counties. Relieved on May 22, 1777 from Stirling's Brigade and assigned to the 1st Pennsylvania Brigade, an element of the. Digital version at Family History Archive. After this, the 7th Pennsylvania spent time in New York and New Jersey watching the British. 80th PA Regiment Medal of Honor Recipients. General Hugh Mercer and attack a group of British dragoons. The regiment was raised in Cumberland and York counties (companies G and H). Participating in a part of the left wing under Nathaniel Green, the Pennsylvanians assist in the defeat of the Hessians under Colonel Rall. The regiment spent the winter of 1777-78 at Valley Forge and took part in the Battle of Monmouth (28 June) the following summer. Soldiers who served during the years 1777-1780, when the currency was depreciating, were paid inContinental bills of Credit, which quickly lost value. The men in each battalion elected their own field officers who carried the rank of colonel, lieutenant colonel and major and these officers were then commissioned by the state and expected to serve for three years. The regiment as a whole seems to have seen its first major action at the Battle of Brandywine, on September 11, 1777, and saw especially hard fighting, taking heavy casualties. Organized between June 25- July 20, 1775 to consist of 9 companies from Cumberland, Lancaster, Northumberland, Northampton, Bedford, Berks and York Counties. Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission, Battalions and Companies, Arranged by County, Northumberland Co Revolutionary War Militia, Philadelphia City Revolutionary War Militia, Philadelphia Co Revolutionary War Militia, Westmoreland Co Revolutionary War Militia, PHMC Collections Management Policy Standards, Diversity, Equity, Inclusion & Access Policy. It also provided an avenue for conscientious objectors to fulfill their legal obligation to the state without compromising their religious convictions. The Pennsylvania Lineoriginated in 1775 was organized into thirteen regiments and several independent companies. (sic)They are officially uniformed in a blue regimental coat with red lining and facing and pewter buttons inscribed PSR. It then reported to march with the army under Col. Arthur St. Clair and was involved at Three Rivers on June 9. During this time, Congress realized a more substantial national army with enlistments longer than 12 months would be needed to fight the war successfully. There is no particular record that the unit was involved in any fighting that summer, but in October, 1779, it had 452 officers and men with Wayne at West Point. 2021 Valley Forge Legacy Muster Roll Project. Left Valley Forge with 211 assigned, 175 fit for duty. Re-designated on June 22, 1775 as the Pennsylvania Rifle Regiment. Still assigned to Greene's division, the PSR participates in the assault of the British right flank. Shortly afterward, the Regiment helped delay Cornwallis before the Battle of Princeton. Learn how and when to remove this template message, Hartley's Additional Continental Regiment, Bibliography of the Continental Army in Pennsylvania, United States Army Center of Military History, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=7th_Pennsylvania_Regiment&oldid=1146024457, This page was last edited on 22 March 2023, at 09:48. This regiment was organized at Harrisburg September to December, 1861. Williams led the unit in patrol actions in New Jersey during the spring and summer, including an engagement at Bound Brook on April 11 or 12 and a skirmish at Amboy on April 25 in which one officer was killed. It was the last regiment to leave Long Island. Organized spring 1777 at York, Pennsylvania, with personnel from York County. It spent the rest of the year in garrison at West Point and probably wintered at Morristown. The regiment would see action during the New York Campaign, Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Monmouth and the Sullivan Expedition. The Regiment was authorized on December 9, 1775 in the Continental Army as the 4th Pennsylvania Battalion. 7th Company: Capt. [1] The Regiment was authorized on August 23, 1776 in the Continental Army as the Northampton and Northumberland Defense Battalion and assigned to the. Charlottesville: University of . On May 18 the unit lost a junior officer killed in a fight at Paramus. PHMC > Archives > Research Online > York County Revolutionary War Militia. Access the United States, Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 records. October 4, 1777 Battle of Germantown. The War of the Revolution, Christopher Ward [ISBN missing] On these permanent billet rolls the men in each company were listed as being either part of the first class, second class, third class, etc. Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission. On 17 January 1777 Lieutenant Colonel Thomas Hartley transferred out of the unit to take command of Hartley's Additional Continental Regiment. Also important to understand is that the 1777 Militia Act automatically expired in 1780 and was immediately replaced by a new Militia Act that also lasted for three years and was superceded by a third Militia Act in 1783. The well known iron work owner and cannon supplier Samuel Van Leer was a captain in this regiment. The names of those who actually turned out for muster duty would then appear on company muster rolls listing the men in their new arrangement. An Official Pennsylvania Government Website. John Nelson's Independent Rifle Company and assigned to the. To determine the counties and townships that made up Pennsylvania Militia Units (1775), visit the Pennsylvania Achieves website. They also fought at Bergen Neck. and assigned to the. This page is not available in other languages. Begin Main Content Area . It was assigned on August 12, 1776 to Stirling's Brigade, an element of the Main Army. About; . When General Washington asked for the middle Atlantic states to provide additional reinforcements willing to serve for six months duty in 1776, the Associator units were tapped as a manpower pool, though the individual units did not themselves become part of the Pennsylvania Line forces. The financial difficulties of the new government, difficulties that lasted into the 1790's, complicated the payment of troops. The Regiment was authorized on September 16, 1776 in the Continental Army as the 10th Pennsylvania Regiment. The 7th Pennsylvania Regiment was an infantry unit raised on 4 January 1776 at Carlisle, Pennsylvania for service with the Continental Army under Brigadier General Anthony Wayne during the American Revolutionary War. The 6th Pennsylvania Regiment, first known as the 5th Pennsylvania Battalion, was a unit of the United States of America . It was Maxwell's command which fought the delaying action at Iron Hill on September 3, 1777, when Lt. Col. Francis Gurney was wounded. Consolidated on November 6, 1777 with the, Bayard's Philadelphia Associators Regiment, Cadwalader's Philadelphia Associators Regiment, Matlack's Philadelphia Associators Rifle Battalion, Morgan's Philadelphia Associators Regiment, Moulder's Philadelphia Associators Artillery Company, Klotz's Lancaster County Militia Regiment, McAllister's York County Militia Regiment, Montgomery's Cumberland County Militia Regiment, Watt's Cumberland County Militia Regiment. To make amends for such depreciation, each of these men who in 1781 yet remained in line service was awarded a substantial sum inDepreciation Pay Certificates, which were both interest bearing and negotiable, like bonds of the present day. The Regiment was authorized on December 9, 1775 in the Continental Army as the 2d Pennsylvania Battalion. The next year, the regiment took part in a number of small engagements in New Jersey and again wintered at Morristown. Rosters Companies. 7TH PENNSYLVANIA REGIMENT Mifflin's Division | 1st Pennsylvania (Wayne's) Brigade | 7th Pennsylvania Regiment History Organized January-March 1776 at Carlisle from Cumberland and York Counties. Organized in spring 1777 at Philadelphia to consist of 8 companies from Westmoreland, Lancaster, Chester, Philadelphia and Cumberland Counties. For example, when the 1st Class was called up, the colonel of the 1st Battalion, the lieutenant colonel of the 2nd Battalion, and the major of the 3rd Battalion entered into service commanding the 1st Class active-duty Battalion. Relieved on July 22, 1778 from the 3rd Pennsylvania Brigade and assigned to the 2nd Pennsylvania Brigade, and element of the, Reorganized on January 1, 1783 at Philadelphia, to consist of 9 companies, and assigned to the. By December 8, a remnant of the First Battalion was at New Germantown, New Jersey, but the bulk of the men had been mustered out of service. Northumberland County Revolutionary War Militia Another sixty-six enlisted men were sick, and thirty-one were on detached service. While only 53 Americans perished in the nighttime British surprise attack, Patriot propagandists were able to vilify the tactics employed by the . Copyright 2017 RevolutionaryWar.us | All Rights Reserved, Captain Samual Morehead's Independent Company, Captain Jacob Weaver's Independent Company, Revolutionary War Records at the Pennsylvania State Archives, Pennsylvania Final Payment Vouchers Index for Military Pensions, 1818-1864, Pennsylvania Revolutionary War Prize Cases - Captured Vessels, Pennsylvania Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783, Pennsylvania Revolutionary War Service Records, Pennsylvania in the War of the Revolution : battalions and line, 1775-1783, Pennsylvania Society of Daughters of the American Revolution, Pennsylvania Society of Sons of the American Revolution, List of Soldiers and Widows of Soldiers Granted Revolutionary War Pensions by Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Militia in 1777: A Reprint from The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine, Vol. It halted the British attack but was itself compelled to retire under subsequent artillery fire. June 10, 1777 The transfer of the Pennsylvania State Regiment to the Continental service is formalized. 7th Pennsylvania Regiment | Military Wiki | Fandom It should be noted that these fines were not necessarily intended to be punitive. Learn more about the United States, Revolutionary War Rolls collection. The individuals who volunteered at this time were formed into battalions by county and were known as "Flying Camps" that served on active duty until November 30, 1776. Remainder of Regiment reorganized and re-designated on January 1, 1777 as the 4th Pennsylvania Regiment, an element of the, Relieved on July 18, 1778 from the 2nd Pennsylvania Brigade and assigned to the, New York Brigade relieved on May 24, 1779 from the, Relieved on August 24, 1779 from the New York Brigade and assigned to Hand's Brigade, an element of the, Relieved on August 1, 1780 from Hand's Brigade and assigned to 1st Pennsylvania Brigade, an element of the. Organized in between September 28- December 18, 1776 at Sunbury to consist of 8 companies from Northampton, Berks, Cumberland and Northumberland Counties. Consolidated and reorganized on July 1, 1778 with the. Pennsylvania in the Revolutionary War FamilySearch Volume Reel 0825 American Revolutionary War Service Records; Soldiers--United States--Registers Pennsylvania, Seventh Regiment: Q - Y Volume Reel 0826 American Revolutionary War Service Records; Soldiers--United States--Registers Pennsylvania, Eighth Battalion (Chester County Militia), Eighth Regiment The militia did provide a significant defensive force patrolling the south side of the Schuylkill River and engaged in occasional clashes with British outposts and scouting parties including heavy skirmishes at Whitemarsh on December 7. It sustained casualties at Paoli on Sept. 21, including one officer killed, and at the Battle of Germantown it was the left flank of the American troops attacking the British center that was mistakenly fired on by other American troops. Men who served with Regiment and continued their service saw action at Yorktown and mopping up operations in South Carolina. Pennsylvania claimed the 1st Continental Regiment as its own and renamed the regiment as the 1st Pennsylvania Regiment. Some of the muster rolls provide the date when duty began, and in the case of officers, the date of their commission, and perhaps some additional comments indicating such types of information as whether they were detached on special duty or the dates of any desertions. To each of her line soldiers, who served to the end of the war, Pennsylvania grantedDonation Landin certain western counties, land that remained free from taxation so long as the soldier lived and retained ownership. Some were named. On September 21 the regiment was in Hartford, Connecticut, with Wayne to greet French General Rochambeau. Furloughed on January 17, 1781 at Trenton, New Jersey. Mifflin' Brigade re-designated on October 8, 1776 as Stirling's Brigade. Organized on September 5, 1776 at Lancaster with recruits from central Pennsylvania and assigned to the. The Regiment was authorized on September 16, 1776 in the Continental Army as the 9th Pennsylvania Regiment. Reorganized on January 1, 1783 at Lancaster, to consist of 7 companies in the. Organized between January 8- March 20, 1776 at Carlisle to consist of 8 companies from Cumberland and York Counties. Compiled service records of soldiers who served in the American Army during the Revolutionary War, 1775-1783. The regiment would see action during the Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Monmouth and the Battle of Springfield. November 16, 1776 The fall of Fort Washington. Tabulated company returns were periodically compiled from the muster rolls and from these the adjutants for each battalion compiled battalion returns that were then tabulated by the muster master general of the brigade and submitted to the brigadier general in the form of a general return (not to be confused with the Battalion General Return mentioned above). List of Continental Army Units in 1777 to 1780 - American Revolutionary War William Hendrick's and Mathew Smith's companies each additionally served in: On June 14, 1775, the Continental Congress passed a resolution calling for the raising of six companies of expert riflemen from Pennsylvania, two from Maryland, and two from Virginia. By the end of October, the unit had suffered substantially from all the fighting, including the loss of Williams who was captured at Germantown. With France entering the conflict on the side of the new United States in May, the British abandoned Philadelphia and moved across New Jersey to the more easily defended stronghold of New York City. Colonel Brodhead is placed in command of the consolidated forces and ordered by General Washington to withdraw to Manhattan. The 10th Pennsylvania Regiment was raised September 16, 1776 at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania for service with the Continental Army. The 3rd Pennsylvania Regiment was raised, on December 9, 1775, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania for service with the Continental Army. The 7th Regiment saw action at the battles of Brandywine, Paoli . Philadelphia County Revolutionary War Militia 1st Battalion, 1777 Commanding Officers: Col. Daniel Hiester ; 5th Battalion, 1780 Commanding Officers: At the Battle of Monmouth, on June 28, 1778, it was one of the three Pennsylvania regiments in the force which Aaron Burr led in a late-afternoon assault on the flank of a British counterattacking column. For this reason, a separate permanent billet record and an active duty record would have existed for each individual who saw active duty. American Revolutionary War During the 1777 campaign, the regiment split, with the smaller rifle corps joining Maj. Gen. Horatio Gates at Saratoga. Harrisburg, Pa.: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1977. Following the reduction of the Pennsylvania Line in the winter of 1780-81 the unit was redesignated "the detachment of the Pennsylvania Line", and consisted of two companies. Samuel Morehead's Independent Company, an element of the. The resulting restructuring of the Pennsylvania Line perpetuated a 2nd Regiment among the state's six reorganized units, with Walter Stewart still in command. Second Seminole War. Transcription of "Return of the Officers of the 1st Pennsylvania Regiment of Foot with their Name, Rank, and Date of Commission from the 1 Jan 1777 until the 31 Aug 1778." "Captain John Doyle's Independent Company joined this regiment the 25 Nov [1777] and has continued to do duty in the Regt. He was replaced by Col. John Phillip DeHaas of Lebanon. "Revolutionary Services of Captain John Markland", Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, Volume 9, pp. John Craig. Civil War. About; . American Revolutionary War Records - Pennsylvania - Genealogy Village Brief History of the 6th Pennsylvania Regiment of 1777. July to August 1777 - With the rest of Washington's army the 6th Regiment marched back and forth across New Jersey and into New York and Pennsylvania while trying to ascertain the destination of General Howe's army, which had embarked on the British fleet. He was an able leader with a reputation of taking care of the welfare of his men. The Regiment was authorized on December 9, 1775 in the Continental Army as the 3d Pennsylvania Battalion. The 7th Pennsylvania was part of the force that attacked the blockhouse under Wayne at Bergen Heights on july 21, 1780. 7th Company: Capt. Jacob was a patriot of the American Revolution having served in the Pennsylvania Militia, of York Co., 3rd Battalion Capt. For example, men listed on the permanent roll as belonging to the 2nd Class of the 7th Company of the 6th Battalion would in the active duty battalion be automatically placed in the 6th Company of the 2nd (Active Duty) Battalion. A detachment of riflemen served with Brig. About. Pennsylvania in the war of the revolution, battalions and line. The 2nd Pennsylvania Regiment had its origins in a unit established on October 12, 1775, and designated "The First Pennsylvania Battalion." Digital version at Family History Archive. The regiment would see action during the Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Germantown and the Battle of Monmouth. Despite the hardships they had endured on Arnold's forlorn expedition to Canada, about 340 of the nearly 500 men who had been with the 1st Battalion at Ticonderoga did join the Second Pennsylvania Regiment in time enough for Col. DeHaas and a portion of the unit to join Washington's army at Trenton and fight in the battle of Princeton on January 3, 1777, in a brigade of Pennsylvanians commanded by Brig. The battalion colonels, lieutenant colonels, and majors were called to active duty in a specific order. The names of men in each company of each battalion were listed on a roll called "General Returns of the Battalion" together with the names of any substitutes that were provided. The 7th Pennsylvania marched with Brig. The Regiment was authorized on October 12, 1775 in the Continental Army as the 1st Pennsylvania Battalion. It was assigned on August 12, 1776 to Stirling's Brigade, an element of the, The Regiment was authorized on October 6, 1777 in the Continental Army as two Carlisle Independent Companies and assigned to the, Organized between October 20- December 22, 1777 at Carlisle. Organized between January 2- late March 1776 at Philadelphia to consist of 8 companies from Philadelphia City and Berks, Bucks Chester and Philadelphia Counties. With little winter clothing and half their muskets unservicable, the men struggled by foot, sloop, and bateaux into Canada, their strength sharply reduced by sickness. These nine companies were to form a battalion to be commanded by Col. William Thompson of Carlisle, Pennsylvania.

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