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It was once an earthen mound with carved red sandstone walls that would have shone in the sun. Robinson, Eugene (1990). It is believed to date to AD 536. Unfortunately, weather isnt the only factor that has harmed the site. This layer was deposited during the first of three construction epochs, and dates the initial construction of the Pumapunku to AD 536600 (1510 25 B.P. The fragments of five andesite gateways with similar characteristics to the Gateway of the Sun were found. Vranich said the ruins were reminiscent of a giant Lego set, and he said, We attempted to capitalize on archaeologists learned ability to visualize and mentally rotate irregular objects in space by providing them with 3-D printed objects that they could physically manipulate., Gizmodo notes that Puma Punku was an advanced Andean architectural achievement. These cramps hold the blocks comprising the walls and bottom of stone-lined canals to drain sunken courts. The pagan traditions associated with it have survived through the centuries, with many still A large Viking burial mound found on the island of Karmy off Norways western coast was long thought to be empty. Plague, one of the deadliest diseases in human history, has a haunting legacy of mass sickness and destruction. times. Next, check out some of the worlds oldest structures. [26], At least five gateways (and several blind miniature gateways) were once (or were intended to be) integrated into the Pumapunku monumental complex. It is world-known for its unusual precision of placement and cutting of . Available at: http://arquehistoria.com/puma-punku-el-lugar-de-los-bloques-imposibles-15941, Robinson, J.P. (2019) The High-Tech Stonework of the Ancients: Unsolved Mysteries of Master Engineers. Ancient Origins. [47], The Tiwanaku civilization and the use of these enclosures and platform mounds appears to peak from AD 700 to 1000, by which point, the city core and surrounding area could house 400,000 residents. Cutting Edge Celtic Tech - 2,300-year-old Scissors Still Sharp and Shiny! The fragments of five andesite gateways with similar characteristics to the Gateway of the Sun were found. Lighthouses of Spain: Western Andalusia - ibiblio (Skeptics have hypothesized reed boats and ramps.). In the legends, it is said that this is where all of humanitys ancestors, people of various ethnicities, set out to populate the world. The person able to do so is promised a handsome. [13] Much of the masonry is characterized by accurately cut rectilinear blocks of such uniformity, they could be interchanged for one another while maintaining a level surface and even joints. Standard academics believe it was created by the Bronze Age Tiwanaku people between 1000 and 2000 years ago, but they ignore the fact that bronze tools can not cut the stone above, which Canadian geologist Suzan Moore believes is granite. Ecolodge Puma Punku Map - Hotel - La Paz, Bolivia - Mapcarta How to explore of the enigmatic stone blocks of Puma Punku and Amateur archaeological excavation and looting are believed to have occurred repeatedly over the centuries. Posnansky was one of the first modern explorers to examine the site but his hypothesis continues to have many supporters. Using historical data, 3-D-printed pieces, and architectural software, Berkeley archaeologist Alexei Vranichs virtual reconstruction of Puma Punku provides a glimpse into the structures original appearance. UFO Author Will Lead Exploration of Rendlesham Forest Encounters Site, Debunking the Aryan Race Myth and Separating Fact from Fiction, Mysterious Lake Monster Causes Underwater Eruption (Video), The Black Death and Beyond: Uncovering the Secrets of Plague's Deadly Legacy (Video), The Kings Champion: Medieval Coronation Roles, With a Twist, Digging the Deep Blue: Challenges and Triumphs in Underwater Archaeology, The Roman Empire: A Story of Power, Glory, and Tragedy, The Mongol Onslaught: When Ukraine Fell to the Horde (Video), The Not-So-Romantic Truth About Life in Ancient Greece (Video). [41] According to Alan Kolata the terraced platform mound depicted on the gateway of the sun is actually a stylized depiction of Pumapunku. Visual History Online-Nachschlagewerk fr die historische Bildforschung: "Palaces and Politics in the Andean Middle Horizon", "The secrets of Tiwanaku, revealed by a drone", Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, "Drugs Found in Hair of Ancient Andean Mummies", "Reckoning with the Popular Uptake of Alien Archaeology", Interactive Archaeological Investigation at Pumapunku Temple, "Skeptoid #202: The Non-Mystery of Puma Punku", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pumapunku&oldid=1152279530, an alignment of plazas and ramps centered on a man-made terraced platform mound with a sunken court and monumental complex on top, sifted and layered soils (mound), andesite (superstructure), sandstone (foundation and internal channels), ternary CuAsNi bronze alloy (cramps), mortar of lime and sand with ground-up malachite (turquoise green plaster floor), clay (red floor), This page was last edited on 29 April 2023, at 07:51. And now the village is now looking to the international community for help cracking the code. (99) The maps in question are preserved in the "Institute Tihuanacu de Antropologa, Etnologa y Prehistoria", La Paz, Miraflores, Calle Pinilla 556, founded by the author in the year 1914 with his own funds and without the aid of governments, institutions, or private individuals. If these statues are former rulers of the region, how do the co-called mainstream archaeologists explain the statues and with full heavy beards? Excavations documented "three major building epochs plus repairs and re-modeling". [21] According to Stbel and Uhle the cramp sockets of Olympia and the Erechtheum in Athens are of the same shape that the ones of Tiwanaku. In the past, the Tiwanaku culture had made the area an agricultural and trading center which may have supported up to 400,000 people during its heyday. It contains the largest stone slab in the Pumapunku and Tiwanaku Site, measuring 7.8 metres (26 feet) long, 5.2 metres (17 feet) wide and averages 1.1m (3ft 7in) thick. [12] One common engineering technique involves cutting the top of the lower stone at a certain angle, and placing another stone on top of it which was cut at the same angle. [48][49] Apparently, Puma Punku was abandoned before its builders could complete it. Was the Sirius Star System Home to the Dogon African Tribe? [4] The precision with which these angles create flush joints is indicative of sophisticated knowledge of stone-cutting and a thorough understanding of descriptive geometry. Jean-Pierre Protzen and Stella Nair point out that the "steep parabolic curve" of the doubly curved lintels (like the one of the Kantatayita lintel) would be difficult to replicate for modern stonemasons ("would tax any stonemason's skills today"). 130+ Puma Punku Stock Photos, Pictures & Royalty-Free Images - iStock Tiwanaku & Puma Punku - Private Service. (Matyas Rehak /Adobe Stock). The Pre-Adamites: Did Humans Inhabit Earth Before Adam and Eve? Even today, the stonework of the temple is considered so precise that ancient alien enthusiasts claim it was made by lasers and other extraterrestrial technologies.. [50][pageneeded], Pumapunku is subject of pseudoscience theories on lost continents and extraterrestrial interventions. From Pyramids to Temples: Discovering the 15 Most Ancient Buildings on Earth (Video), 5 Pagan Traditions That Will Leave You Spellbound (Video), 10 Supernatural Powers from the Deities of World Mythology, 13th Century Magical Merlin Manuscript Shares Original Legend, Hidden in Plain Sight: The Pterodactyl of New Guinea. Available at: https://www.ancient-origins.net/unexplained-phenomena/stonework-0011405, Vranich, A. Puma Punku, Tiwanaku - Tripadvisor I noticed that, whenever Puma Punku is being discussed, people often ask whether or not the H-Blocks were designed to interconnect. These sculptures show fearsome traits of predatory animals, they crouch or kneel while clutching a human head in one hand and an axe in the other. If you look at them from above, they're simply squarish enclosures scattered about the area. Pumapunku, a name that means "door of the puma," was a holy site started between 500 and 600 CE. Ancient Sound Technology; The Breath of Creation. Available at: https://skeptoid.com/episodes/4202, Newman, H. (2018) New Discoveries at Tiwanaku & Puma Punku: The Lost Statue of Viracocha and Secret Rooms of Hidden Artifacts. Ancient Origins. The Pumapunku complex consists of an unwalled western court, a central unwalled esplanade, a terraced platform mound that is faced with stone, and a walled eastern court. (Adwo /Adobe Stock). Some evidence suggests that those who suffered this fate may have been not native Tiwanaku but rather outsiders captured in raids or battles. Who didnt like these noses to dothisso consistently and violently, across continents? One fact that is undeniable, however, is that the entire region and its people were important in the ancient world of South America. Available at: https://allthatsinteresting.com/pumapunku, Peque, J.M. But the temple the Tiwanaku knew during the height of their empire would have been magnificent. Plus you can download videos to your device to watch offline later. How the material arrived at the site is also a matter of debate but many experts believe that the stones were generally shipped across the lake in reed boats and then dragged overland by the large Tiwanaku workforce to reach the site. Puma punku was a terraced earthen mound originally faced with megalithic blocks, each weighing several tens of tons. Located southwest of the Kalasasaya Temple in Aymara, Puma Punku's name means "La Puerta del Puma" or the "Door of the Puma."The complex consists of an unwalled western court, a central esplanade, a mound of megalithic stone terraces, and a walled court to the . We use cookies and similar technologies to run this website and help us make recommendations for you. Thousands of websites and references which refer to pseudoscientific theories of alien and Atlantis enthusiasts exist. [54] Vranich notes that generations of amateur, fringe and pseudo-archeologist claimed that the "apparent geometric perfection of Tiwanaku architecture" is a result of extraterrestrial intervention or a lost super civilization instead attributing the ruins to the inhabitants of the Titicaca basin. Posnansky, who worked at the site for decades, estimated that Puma Punku was far older than academics surmised. I am sure you are familiar with his legend which states that he was born in a manger surrounded by shepherds, What's your favourite Fairy Tales (and their possible origins), about Fathoming the Ruins of Yanmen Shan Mountain and the Biggest Cut Rocks in the World, about Ancient Egyptian Weapons: The Evolution of Warfare, about The Cataclysm of Ra: Saving Humankind from Hathor Using Beer, about Helicopter Hieroglyphs? Skeptoid Media. She is the Chief Editor of Ancient Origins Magazine. [2][3][5], When the Spanish arrived at Tiwanaku there was still standing architecture at Pumapunku. This is part of the reason why many people have suggested that the ancient inhabitants of Puma Punku had received outside help to create the site. In. A neighboring complex appears to have burned, and some vessels that appear to have been dedicated to food storage were smashed. Generally it is agreed that the large red sandstone blocks were quarried about 10 km (6.21 miles) away from Puma Punku and the smaller, more ornamental andesite was sourced about 90 km (55.92 miles) away on the shores of Lake Titicaca. Why Is The Stone At Puma Punku In Bolivia Magnetic? How did the Ancients Move 100-Ton Megaliths at Puma Punku? Available at: http://www.ancient-wisdom.com/boliviapumapunka.htm, Darin, P. (2014) Enduring Mystery Surrounds the Ancient Site of Puma Punku. Epoch Times. Topographic and plan view of the Pumapunku - ResearchGate Leonora Enking / FlickrFaces carved by the Tiwanaku at Tiwanaku City, an example of the art the great civilization left behind. This area might be the center of the Andean world, attracting pilgrims from far away to marvel in its beauty. [32] Some of these "model stones" like "little Pumapunku" are not isolates stones but, rather, seem to fit in the context of other stones and stone fragments. It is one of the main features of the Pre-Columbian Tiwanaku archaeological complex , which also includes the Akapana and Akapana East stepped platforms, the Kalasasaya, Putuni, and Kheri Kala enclosures, and the Semi-Subterranean Temple. Skeptic. Since the radiocarbon date came He points out that the Greek Parthenon was built a thousand years before Puma Punku, and yet nobody invokes aliens as the only explanation for its great beauty and decorative detailing that more than rivals Pumapunkus angles and cuts.. Though its clear the writing is in the roman alphabet, its meaning remains indecipherable. Theirs was the dominant culture of the Lake Titicaca basin, with an empire covering vast amounts of area in present-day Bolivia, Peru, and Chile. These excavation trenches also demonstrated the lack of any pre-Andean Middle Horizon cultural deposits within the area of the Tiwanaku Site adjacent to the Pumapunku complex. Image Credit: Wikimedia Commons. And now the village is now looking to the international community for help cracking the code. Pumapunku - Wikipedia Ernenweini, E. G., and M. L. Konns, 2007, Williams, P. R., N. C. Couture and D. Blom, 2007. Ecolodge Puma Punku is a hotel in La Paz. The eastern edge of the Pumapunku is occupied by the Plataforma Ltica. However the Tiwanaku complex was suddenly abandoned sometime around 1000 AD. , noted that the massive chunks of granite were seemingly scattered around like childrens toy blocks as if a giant cataclysm laid waste to Puma Punku in one fell swoop. Wikimedia CommonsPieces of Pumapunku that show the complex system by which the bricks were slotted together. + Save your analysis in the openings section and create your repertoire. Cleopatra, the last pharaoh of Egypt, is one of the most iconic figures in history. For example it has been shown that the much-admired carved block known as the "Escritorio del Inca" is an accurate and reduced-scale model of full-scale architecture. The second largest stone block at Puma Punku is 7.90 meters (25.9 ft.) long, 2.50 meters (8.20 ft.) wide, and 1.86 meters (6.10 ft.) thick. The red sandstone and andesite stones were cut in such a precise way that they fit perfectly into and lock with each other without using mortar. Unable to produce the massive crop yields necessary for their large population, the Tiwanaku apparently scattered into the local mountain ranges, then disappeared shortly thereafter. [53] The buildings at Chiripa (which are similar to buildings of Pumapunku) were identified as "storage bins" because impressions of baskets and remains of food were found. There are two additional platforms still underground. By alternating layers of sand from the interior and layers of composite from the exterior, the fills overlap at the joints, grading the contact points to create a sturdy base. 3.7M views 1 year ago The ancient ruins of Puma Punku have mystified archaeologists ever since their discovery. ( Matyas Rehak /Adobe Stock). The Mysterious Blocks Of Puma Punku. [8] Many of the joints are so precise, a razor blade cannot fit between the stones. In sharp contrast, the cramps used at the Akapana canal were fashioned by the cold hammering of copper-arsenic-nickel bronze ingots. The technical finesse and precision displayed in these stone blocks is astounding. Sun Gate at Tiwanaku, Bolivia. As the population of the Tiwanaku society grew, so too did the number of skilled craftsmen and artisans. Ancient Origins 2013 - 2023Disclaimer- Terms of Publication - Privacy Policy & Cookies - Advertising Policy -Submissions - We Give Back - Contact us. Stone block at Puma Punku, Bolivia. Isla Verde 1864. It was his image they carved onto the Gateway of the Sun, a massive stone arch thought to have been part of Pumapunku before it was relocated to nearby Kalasasaya. Support for the argument is found in the step motif carved on the fourth monolith and the T-shape sockets cut into several blocks, both believed to be hallmarks of Tiahuanaco-style architecture. Built over 800 years ago from massive basalt rocks, this lost city is nestled in the dense jungle and mangroves. Available at: https://amarilo.com.co/blog/especial/el-misterio-de-puma-punku/, Ancient-Wisdom, (n.d.) Puma Punku. Ancient-Wisdom. Then, two things happened: either Chaos or Gaia created the universe as we know it, or Ouranos and Tethys gave birth to the first beings. Then, at the great civilizations peak, everything came crashing down. But the Inca were quick to realize the sacred nature of the site and soon added their own mythical story to it. Tags: Andalusia. The debate on Puma Punkus construction date and its builders continues. jeep3r. [25] Similarities between Ollantaytambo and Tiwanaku were also noticed by Heinrich Ubbelohde-Doering, Alphons Stbel and Max Uhle. Study Shows Giza Pyramid Concentrates Energy Within its Chambers. The name means "door of the puma," and as far as archaeologists know, Puma Punku was a thriving, ancient town originating somewhere around 500 and 600 C.E. Several conflicting theories attempt to imagine the ways this labor force transported the stones, although these theories remain speculative. The second largest stone block found within the complex is 7.90 metres (25.9 feet) long, 2.50 metres (8feet 2inches) wide, and averages 1.86 metres (6feet 1inch) thick. [31] There also exist replicas of larger monumental structures. The ruins of Pumapunku, where the open courtyard was likely to have stood. Treasure hunters, too, have harvested many of the sites relics: rare metal ornaments, bright jewelry, and colorful potsherds. I-cramps of unknown composition were used to hold together the massive slabs forming Pumapunku's four large platforms. The Inca people accepted those legends and added that Viracocha their creator god (and the figure depicted on the Sun Gate in their interpretation) first made humans at that site. chessprime.com One thousand years of wind and rain have weathered the stones of Pumapunku, and much of the vast temple complex is entirely gone, carried away by looters and stone miners in ages past. [] The only question here is why stonesmasons from Lake Titicaca should have remembered anything Tiahaunacoid when for several centuries nothing like it had been built. By bringing together top experts and authors, this archaeology website explores lost civilizations, examines sacred writings, tours ancient places, investigates ancient discoveries and questions mysterious happenings. Puma Punku shatters all traditional views on ancient cultures. Enduring Mystery Surrounds the Ancient Site of Puma Punku Puma Punku in Bolivia is one of the world's most mysterious ancient sites. Bernab Cobo reports that one Gateway and one "window" was still standing on one of the platforms.[6]. Map Directions Satellite Photo Map Wikipedia Photo: Brattarb, CC BY-SA 3.0. It then took thousands of years for humanity to recover. Two common proposals involve the use of llama skin ropes, and the use of ramps and inclined planes.[12]. Pumapunku and its surrounding homes and monuments emptied suddenly. The mummies of Puma Punku, preserved on one of the Tiwanakus most sacred sites. 12 Spectacular Pueblos Blancos: A 2023 Andalusian Road Trip. Owing to the work of University of California Berkeley researchers, Puma Punku mapping has brought the ancient archaeological site into perspective. [19] Within Peru T-shaped sockets can also be found at the Qorikancha and Ollantaytambo. [17] To sustain the weight of these massive structures, Tiwanaku architects were meticulous in creating foundations, often fitting stones directly to bedrock or digging precise trenches and carefully filling them with layered sedimentary stones to support large stone blocks. [7], The other stonework and facing of the Pumapunku consists of a mixture of andesite and red sandstone. It was larger than two football fields laid side to side, and its red sandstone walls would have glowed in the sun. Horse riding - Official Andalusia tourism website Pieces of Pumapunku that show the complex system by which the bricks were slotted together. A likely scenario involves rapid onset extended drought. In the ancient city of Abydos, within the famed temple of Seti I, strange hieroglyphs were discovered on the ceiling. Some authors believe that the Chachapumas demanded a "sacrifice" of humans when entering the monumental structures. At the west entrance of Pumapunku Totora-reed stones were found. Were theonlyPop Archaeology site combining scientific research with out-of-the-box perspectives. And then one day, suddenly, the inhabitants of Pumapunku vanished and a great civilization came toppling down. Historic photograph of the architecture on the east side of the Pumapunku platform taken by Max Uhle in 1893 Full size image There are two basic elements of this structure: sandstone slabs that served as the foundation, and andesite blocks that were superstructure. Get instant access to free videos, helpful articles, and exclusive offers. Step into the past and uncover the mysteries of Micronesias Nan Madol, one of the most ancient and enigmatic lost cities in the world. Additionally to these miniature gateways, likely, at least five gateways (and several blind miniature gateways) were once (or were intended to be) integrated into the Pumapunku monumental complex. Puma Punku is a Pre-Columbian archaeological site in Bolivia that is steeped in wonder and mystery. The vast green fields of potatoes, corn, and quinoa lay fallow, and the people vanished from the area, breaking into small factions and fleeing into the mountains. Puma Punku (Pumapunku, Puma Puncu) which means door of the puma, is part of a larger archaeological complex known as Tiahuanacu ( Tiwanaku), and is considered one of the most important sites of Andean archaeology. PDF The Enigma Of Tiwanaku And Puma Punku - Hidden Inca Tours We just had to set aside centuries of archeological dogma ("humans became civilized 7000 years ago") and start looking! Wikimedia CommonsWhat we have left today of Pumapunku. Puma Punku - Google My Maps Im no scientist, but it seems as if humans should have figured it out a really long time ago. Ellen Lloyd - AncientPages.com - The mysterious site known as Puma Punku, "The Gateway of the Puma.". And then one day, suddenly, the inhabitants of Pumapunku vanished and a great civilization came toppling down. Every decision we make is inspired by our vision to empower a community of individuals to come together to build a more conscious world. (Video), When Faith and Power Clash: How Christianity Divided the Roman Empire (Video), Medieval Maverick: Roger Bacon's Quest for Knowledge and Truth, The Life and Times of Mansa Musa: The Richest Man in History, Fathoming the Ruins of Yanmen Shan Mountain and the Biggest Cut Rocks in the World, Sacred Treasure Hunt: In Pursuit of the Elusive Ark of the Covenant (Video). These structures include the wall foundations of buildings and compounds, water conduits, pool-like features, revetments, terraces, residential compounds, and widespread gravel pavements, all of which are buried and hidden beneath the modern ground surface. Tiwanaku engineers were also adept at developing a civic infrastructure at this complex, constructing functional irrigation systems, hydraulic mechanisms, and waterproof sewage lines. Just after World War II, Austrian archaeologist Arthur Posnansky had a hypothesis that was far ahead of his time. As with so many areas featuring crafted structures of such weight and size some of which are more than 20 feet tall and tens of thousands of pounds skeptics of academic conclusions begin with the same questions: How were these structures built, and who really built them?. 2 Full-day Tours from $135.00 per adult (price varies by group size) Tour in Tiwanaku Archaeological Ruins 15 Bus Tours from $37.95 per adult Private Tour: Tiwanaku Archeological Site from La Paz 3 Bus Tours from $126.00 per adult (price varies by group size) 10-Day Private Journey Peru and Bolivia 2 Puma Punku is a beautiful and true wonder of the ancient world. Pumapunku, The Ancient Ruins Where The Inca Believed The World Began. A Visual Tour (Video), Behind the Scenes of Ancient Greece: Exploring the Daily Life of its People (Video), Trove of Ancient Artifacts Discovered in Paestum Include Dolphin Statuette of Eros, TheiaGreek Goddess of Light, the Sun, the Moon, and Wisdom, Greeces East Attica In Antiquity: Playground Of Gods, Heroes And Heroines, A Face to the Legend: The Quest to Reconstruct Cleopatra's Look (Video), Aspasia - The Real-Life Helen of Troy? [52] The archeologist Alexei Vranich counters the ancient alien enthusiasts that well-preserved local precursors regarding the monumental complex of Pumapunku are now known (some monumental structures at Pukara and Chiripa). The destruction paints a picture of an angry populace but what might have thrown a stable population into chaos remains a mystery. An Inspirational Courtesans Tale, Was Anne of Cleves Too Ugly for King Henry VIII? A look at the archaeological site of Puma Punku. | by Rufat Rassulov | Lessons from History | Medium 500 Apologies, but something went wrong on our end. And while some people may seem content with the story as it stands, our view is that there existcountless mysteries, scientific anomalies and surprising artifacts thathave yet to be discovered and explained. Located 45 miles west of the modern-day city of La Paz, Puma Punku is situated in the still-thriving city of Tiwanaku, high upon a desert plateau of the Andes Mountains, at an altitude of more than 12,000 feet. The geophysical data collected from these surveys and excavations indicate the presence of numerous man-made structures in the area between the Pumapunku and Kalasasaya complexes. Based on the specific gravity of the red sandstone from which it was carved, this stone slab is estimated to weigh 131 tonnes (144 short tons). Puma Punku is a large site which expands across a distance exceeding the dimensions of two football fields. Faces carved by the Tiwanaku at Tiwanaku City, an example of the art the great civilization left behind. Therefore some assume that the gateway of the sun once formed the main entrance to Pumapunku.[43]. Were there Puma Punku ancient aliens whose technology remains ignored? 11,000-Year-Old Shigir Idol Dated Twice as Old as the Pyramids, John Anthony West: Pioneer of Ancient Civilization Theories Passes Away, Scientists Think Our Ancestors Spoke One Mother Language. Llama skin ropes, ramps, and inclined planes, may have all been used in overland transport. In the south canal of the Pumapunku, the I-shaped cramps were cast in place. Ancient Mysteries: Puma Punku in Tiahuanaco, Bolivia Who Were the Ancient Race of Red Haired Giants? But first, let's . The architectural historian Jean-Pierre Protzen from University of California, Berkeley states that in the past it often has been argued that among the buildings at Ollantaytambo the monumental structures (e. g. the Wall of the six monoliths) were the work of the earlier Tiwanaku culture and have been reused by the Incas: An argument persists that the Wall of the six monoliths and the vanished structures from which the blocks have been recycled predate the Incas and were work of the earlier Tiahuanaco culture. (2013) Puma Punku, el lugar de los bloques imposibles. Arquehistoria.

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